Tiltai

At the focus of this article, the motivation of a social worker is presented as an important aspect of effective professional functioning, which approaches the human being as a personality able to create and accumulate unique experiences. A holistic in-depth analysis of the process of motivation is employed to search for links between different motivational dimensions, such as the personality of the social worker, and the behavioural and environmental effects on professional identity. The aim to theoretically ground the motivation of a social worker as a prerequisite for an effective professional functioning requires carrying out research into the theoretical construct of motivation in order to explain it on a poly-systemic level and distinguish its components: stimulus, identification of stimulus, adaptation phase of an identified stimulus, action, and action control. The explanation and fixation of active elements of motivation take place in a vertical system of relations, where most attention is paid to causal ties and continuity of the social worker’s professional motivation.

Social entrepreneurship serves as one of the social techniques for the social cohesion of disadvantaged and marginalised groups in society, and therefore can be used as a practical method in the field of social work. Social entrepreneurship provides an operational platform for the renewal of people’s self-dependence skills, by learning to do things together, which is a relevant motivational aspect for socially marginalised people in solving their social and personal problems. Thus, the social cohesion of disadvantaged and marginalised groups of society by being involved in social entrepreneurial activities, and thus being placed in the sphere of the productive economy at the level of the community, contributes to the development of the local community, giving citizens the socially active status of being active protagonists in their destiny and their local community. However, the renewal of a person’s social functioning, achieved by involvement in social entrepreneurial activities, covers a person’s life holistically, starting with the person’s inner processes that lead to forming external social relationships. Therefore, the analysis of this process in the article involves taking an anthropological perspective on activating people’s inner resources and human potential in the activities of social enterprises, which also shows the dimension of social entrepreneurship as a tool for personal development. The aim of the article is to explore the phenomenon and practice of social entrepreneurship in the context of social work, where social entrepreneurship can be used as an innovative approach as a tool for the development of the community, and for the transformation on a personal level of practitioners and people involved in entrepreneurial activities.

In most cases the internet has a positive effect on its users – it offers unrestrained communication, expression of opinions and sense of openness. On the other hand, excessive usage leads to internet addiction. The most important features of the internet include rapid spread of information and news, access to tremendous amount of information, personalization and anonymity. After the literature review of theoretical research of authors from Lithuania and abroad, and application of theoretical analytical, resumptive, analogical, deductive and comparative methods, the features of XXI century media literacy were identified. A questionnaire allowed to examine the internet’s specifics and nature of users’ media literacy online. Empirical research was conducted to analyse the internet users’ behavior based on age groups as well as to identify their level of literacy. A big part of today’s daily activity and free time is related to usage of the internet media. Many services take an online form. Therefore, the issue of Lithuanian users’ online behavior becomes a concurrent to the development of welfare society, and media literacy gets to be one of the necessities for future skills. Instead of searching for and passively using the given information, internet users start to make their own, evaluate it and spread further. The users are enabled to fashion their private social networks, they become responsible for organization of the whole personal communication infrastructure. This research points out the main reasons of Lithuanian internet users not using e-services: the lack of media literacy and insufficient spread of the service-related information. The biggest difference in literacy among age groups was noticed while evaluating personal predisposition to internet addiction. Levels of literacy based on age groups were significantly different in terms of ability to critically evaluate online information.

Higher education curriculum has been a subject of various disputes in the scholar literature. Official curriculum (such as study programme description, syllabus, study material) and unplanned hidden curriculum that occurs in during the learning process. Official curriculum defines learning goals, tasks, methods and learning outcomes. Meanwhile actual learning process contains not only the official parts of the curriculum, but also knowledge that is created and shared during learning process, especially in collaborative learning environments. That leads to assumption, that collaboration between learners and knowledge sharing is a condition for hidden curriculum to appear. In this article, a problem question is analysed: what elements of collaborative learning enables hidden curriculum in study educational environments? Main goal, using scholar literature analysis, to define the balance between official and hidden curriculum in collaborative learning environments. The article looks into the definitions of official and hidden curriculum and applications in study environments. Certain variations of collaborative learning allow to reach different levels of interaction (and hidden curriculum). The application of collaborative learning in study process has to be well guided and balanced, encouraging students to work in homogenous groups seeking for one well defined purpose.

This article presents findings of the study on the structure of social representation of lecturers’ activities and their dynamics on the basis of the credibility of a source of information. The study is sought to find out what constitutes central and peripheral elements of social representation of lecturers’ activities in view of survey participants (undergraduate programme students of Klaipėda University), whether the said elements change upon reliable and unreliable sources of information, and what determines potential dynamics of elements of the representation. Answers to the above questions will significantly help to understand lecturer-student relationships, to change negative or adverse communication attitudes into positive ones. Insights of this study can be applied in lecturers’ activities so as to better understand today’s students, a role of lecturers, formation of positive attitudes in students towards lecturers’ activities and communication.

Straipsnyje analizuojama jaunų bedarbių, turinčių aukštąjį išsilavinimą, karjeros projektavimoproblema. Jauno žmogaus integracija į darbo rinką priklauso nuo daugelio individualių, socialinių,ekonominių veiksnių. Karjeros projektavimas yra vienas iš profesinę sėkmę lemiančių veiksnių.Aiškus siekiamų tikslų ir konkrečių uždavinių sau iškėlimas, optimaliai suplanuota ir lanksti jųįgyvendinimo sistema padeda įgyti pranašumą konkurencinėje darbo rinkos aplinkoje. Straipsnyjepristatomi tyrimo su jaunais bedarbiais, turinčiais aukštąjį išsilavinimą, rezultatai. Tyrimas atliktas remiantis pozityvizmo paradigma, taikant kiekybinio tyrimo metodą, geriausiai tinkantį tirti jaunų bedarbių, turinčių aukštąjį išsilavinimą, požiūrį į karjeros projektavimą, identifikuoti šį reiškinį lemiančius veiksnius. Nustatyta, kad jaunus bedarbius projektuoti savo karjerą skatina nuolat kintanti ekonominė situacija, statusas visuomenėje, nuolatinio mokymosi galimybės. Išsilavinusio jaunimo karjeros projektavimui teigiamos įtakos turi individualios savybės: atsakingumas, aktyvumas, smalsumas ir kt., taip pat gebėjimai planuoti ir valdyti karjerą. Karjeros projektavimą apsunkina pasirinktai profesijai būtinų savybių stoka, savo jėgų ir galimybių pervertinimas, praktinių profesijos žinių bei įgūdžių trūkumas, darbo rinkos tendencijų nežinojimas.

Straipsnyje aptariama Lietuvos aukštųjų mokyklų studentų miego kokybė ir jos sąsajos su emociniais bei elgesio sunkumais. Pristatomi kitose šalyse atlikti studentų miego kokybės tyrimai, analizuojamas šių sutrikimų paplitimas ir priežastys. Atkreipiamas dėmesys į tai, kad miego sutrikimas tarp universitetų studentų yra gana paplitęs, todėl šios problemos sprendimas reikalauja išskirtinio pedagogų, psichologų ir medikų dėmesio. Tyrime dalyvavo trijų studijų krypčių studentai – medicinos, socialinių mokslų ir menų. Gauti rezultatai patvirtino, kad studijų profilis yra svarbus miego kokybei. Darbe analizuojamos afektinių, nuotaikos, somatinių sutrikimų ir miego kokybės sąsajos, dėmesys kreipiamas į elgesio sunkumų (įskaitant sveikatai nepalankaus elgesio, tokio kaip rūkymas, alkoholio bei kitų psichoaktyvių medžiagų vartojimas) įtaką miego kokybei. Siūlomi tolesnių problemos tyrinėjimų ir diskusijų klausimai.

The aim of the article is to review the features of the management of the vaccination process during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the importance of the health care systems in different countries. This is one of the most relevant research topics in recent years in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the number of scientific publications is increasing daily with geometric progression. The authors of the article analysed and summarised over 160 scientific publications. A detailed analysis of the development, clinical research, approval and registration procedures, reliability, safety and efficacy of the Covid-19 vaccine presented in the articles is presented. In this context, it was particularly important for the authors to present the doubts about the advantages of vaccination, and the reasons for refusing vaccination, evaluating the public information context. The role of the health care system is presented in the disclosure of the organisation of the vaccination process in the country, especially in the identification of priority groups of vaccinees, and in the monitoring of vaccinated people. The results of the research analysed in the articles suggest that all registered Covid-19 vaccines are sufficiently reliable, safe and effective, and timely public information is of great importance for vaccination coverage. The central role of the health care system in organising and managing the vaccination process has proven its worth. The vaccination process is managed and controlled in the country.

Article examines Klaipėda city and its suburban areas territorial change, as well as population change during the year 2005–2013. During these decades, cities experienced major changes because of previously created city models. Because of this, on these days it is still important to predict city’s future development, expansion and metamorphosis. Today it is very important to predict and make future prognoses of city development in case to avoid spatial planning failure, rising from social and demographical economical problems. Even today cities are facing sub-urbanization which leads to city emptiness. Therefore, article’s main aim is Klaipėda city and its suburban zones together with population future analysis and development. According to received Klaipėda city, city suburban areas and population change results during these eight years, the most important thing was to create and understand future of the city, suburban areas and population development in this area till the nearest 2020 year.

In the article, the importance of the physical environment of the organisation, the office, in achieving the efficiency of various management processes, is analysed. The article explains the concept of the physical environment of the organisation and its essential classification methods, and analyses the essential advantages of a closed and open office for internal communication, conflict resolution, organisational culture and subcultures, employee productivity, and other organisational phenomena. Twenty-first-century trends show that more and more business organisations are moving towards open office trends, in order to distance themselves from the physical environment of a traditional bureaucratic organisation. The authors of the article seek to critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of a closed and open office, and to review possible future trends and prospects for research into the physical environment of organisations. Nevertheless, research into these complex factors requires primarily an interdisciplinary methodological approach, combining a knowledge of management, economics, psychology, architecture, and other fields, and this topic does not receive sufficient attention in the Lithuanian scientific discourse. The authors of the article seek to define the concept of the physical environment of the organisation, identify its essential features, compare the differences between closed and open physical environments, and discuss possible perspectives for future research.