Klaipėdos universitetas

A number of different Midsummer celebration models can be distinguished in Lithuania Minor: the most archaic (14th to 19th century), 20th century, and the modern St John’s Day celebration models. The most archaic celebrations were rich in vestiges of the Baltic world-view and mythology: nature, fire and water were worshipped, and people cast spells to protect themselves from evil forces and ensure a good harvest and a happy life. The 20th-century ritualistic St John’s Day tradition of Prussian Lithuanians lost its existential importance as rituals became customs with new forms and symbolic meanings. The most important features of the celebration are the burning of witches in St John’s fire, and general merriment for youth. In the modern celebration model, there is an attempt to combine ethnic traditions with the needs of the consumer society. Fireworks replace ritual Midsummer fires, as bonfires lose their mythological significance. Although the institutionally organised Midsummer celebrations follow a more or less Lithuania-wide scenario; the centralised organisation of cultural events may be beneficial in fostering local forms of the Lithuanian celebratory tradition by highlighting typical elements of St John’s Day in the region of Lithuania Minor.

The problem of quality of governance is one of the most important issues raised nowadays by international and local organisations. In order to adapt to the rapid processes of globalisation and glocalisation, various methods are being sought to optimise forms of democratic governance in Western countries or among countries which are leaning towards the West. The aim of the article is to increase government accountability and responsibility, promote citizen involvement, and strengthen government-societal relations and trust. In order to achieve this goal, the European Union proposes to give more powers to local government institutions, because they are closest to the citizens, can more effectively assess their needs, and attain them more effectively. To achieve this goal, the 12 principles of Good Governance, recommended by the Council of Europe, are used, and ELoGE (European Label of Governance Excellence) is used as a tool to assess the existence of these principles in local government. The purpose of this article is to identify factors that determine the implementation of the principles in local government, and to ascertain the most important characteristics that would influence the implementation of Good Governance in local government, taking into account the ELoGE evaluation methodology.

Employers currently emphasise primarily the importance of the personal and social characteristics of employees, and focus less on their professional and business skills. Contrarily, employees often consider deep professional knowledge and skills to be their key strengths, and pay little attention to personal growth and the development of personal characteristics. The aim of the research is to compare the soft skills most frequently required by potential employers in job advertisements for the position of administrator to the employee soft skills predominantly identified by the students on the Tourism Administration course. A study designed to identify employer expectations was conducted in 2019 and 2021. In order to determine the opinions of students in 2021, a written questionnaire survey of higher education students on the Tourism Administration course was conducted. The analysis of the opinions of students, and an examination of employer expectations, demonstrate that employer expectations regarding the skills of potential employees, especially personal or soft skills, and student opinions, do not always match. The impact of the pandemic created a paradoxical situation in the labour market: before the pandemic, progressively more attention was being paid to employees’ soft skills; in the post-pandemic world and working in a hybrid way in the labour market, not all personal skills remain important.

The significance and novelty of this article is in the fact that the study has explored the consumption of alcohol among vocational pupils, in order to connect the phenomenon with social and cognitive factors. The article analyses the period of adolescence, changes during the period of adolescence, and factors that determine the problem of alcohol consumption in adolescence: parents, peers, individual personality characteristics, behavioural and emotional problems, etc. The study confirmed the characteristics of alcohol consumption by adolescents, their parents and peers, adolescents’ resistance to alcohol, their strengths and difficulties, and the interrelationships between these factors. Although the parents of adolescents play an important role in the process of developing an adolescent’s resistance to alcohol, the study highlighted the importance of the attitude of the adolescent’s mother. The study confirmed that the expression of adolescents’ resistance to alcohol is directly influenced by the alcohol consumption of parents and friends, their attitude towards alcohol consumption by adolescents, and the adolescent’s strengths (sociality scale, meaning social skills) and difficulties.

The traditional rites of the last week before the beginning of Lent were well known in various ethnographic regions of Ukraine until the middle of the 20th century. The most archaic are the traditional rites, the actions of which are related to the being of the mythical Kolodiy (Колодíй): his “birth”, “baptism”, “funeral”, thus testifying to the summarized life cycle. All this was played out every day during the entire week: married women tied wooden sticks («колóдки») to the bodies of guys and girls who had not been married for too long, they all together destroyed the jackstraw of Kostrub (Кóструб), men’s physical competitions (fisticuffs) were held, known since Kyivan Rus’ times. Here, the tradition of feasting on flour and sour milk dishes was directly related to the cult of the Heavenly Lights and promoted a faster disappearance of the winter manifestations in nature. All the mentioned rites were accompanied by special songs dedicated to them.

Having acknowledged the importance of leadership, it seems there is lack of research in the field of developing the leadership skills of healthcare workers. Therefore, this article aims to answer the problem question: what leadership abilities of healthcare workers are important, and what are the opportunities to develop them in healthcare institutions? Theoretical insights and quantitative research have been used to answer this question. The questionnaire survey of healthcare workers conducted confirms that the expression of leadership is inseparable from motivation, being an example, help and cooperation, the ability to mobilise the team to act in one direction and achieve the set goals. The study shows that the development of leadership skills is achieved through personal development, the formation of positive attitudes towards changes, the dissemination of leadership competence, independent activity, and mutual interaction. The study is significant in that it can help understand factors for the improvement of the subject under consideration, and make a targeted intervention in ongoing processes of the development of leadership skills, improving them and achieving better results in the development of the leadership skills of healthcare workers.

This article focuses on the suffixed verbs denominatives and deverbatives of the Anonymous Catechism (1605), i.e. the suffixed derivatives of nominals and verbs. All forms of suffixed verbs and their derivatives were extracted from this source. A total of 301 words were collected. Non-recurring suffixed verbs were identified and generalised by removing prefixes. This revealed that the Anonymous Catechism contains 105 non-repeating suffixed verbs. The suffixed verbs found in the Catechism were divided into synchronically non-segmentable and segmentable verbs, and the basis and categories of the latter were then clarified. The ratio of deverbatives to denominatives, the categories of derivation, the frequency and derivability of suffixes were established.

Within this article the need and possibilities of supervision to medical staff for their professional well-being are analysed. Case of supervision to medical staff in Lithuania is discussed using critical reflection. In health care professions, same as in other helping professions, burnouts, tensions, incertitude and existential anxiety may arise among the staff. Thus, conflicts may arise over social interactions at work. Critical reflection methodology, used in this research, revealed that medical staff does not yet identify the supervision as a potential mean of their professional support. Notwithstanding, the open dialogue, enabled by the process of supervision, demonstrated the lack of collaborative culture and culture of silence in healthcare work environments. Medical staff may be anchored to the long-established attitudes and beliefs of their organization, also they may face frustrations with regard to an open dialogue on the matters of their work, since they may feel rather disempowered for making substantial changes in their work. Medical staff may also face frustrations of leaving the so-called comfort zone and helpless when facing healthcare system barriers. Within this article, the need for support to medical staff through professional supervision is highlighted. The experience of the supervision in which an equal and dialogical relation is promoted, may be extrapolated to collegial relation in the organization. Supervision may also encourage the participants to leave the victim role and to acquire a constructive voice in professional relation. Thus, the supervision, in providing room for dialogue and reflection on professional relation, may be a great an opportunity for roles’ transformation of participants for constructive dialogues and organizational culture. Supervision contains the great potential to develop health system transformations through promoting dialogical professional relation and enrichment of professional identity of medical staff. Supervision might be a powerful support to medical staff in particularly critical situations such as engendered by COVID-19. The inter-institutional collaboration between associations of supervisors and medical staff is recommended, with the participation of representatives of health care institutions and universities.

The article focuses on issues of teaching/learning types of style in Lithuanian as a non-native language. The aim of the study is to analyse the provisions of the ‘Common Framework of Reference for the Teaching and Assessment of Foreign Languages’ and the content of the Aukštuma descriptor of teaching/learning Lithuanian as a foreign language through the use of qualitative methods, and to compare them with the published teaching material for adults. The study proved that, in accordance with these provisions, stylistic differentiations of language should be taught from Level B2 onwards, but very little attention is paid to this area in teaching material. Only one of the teaching resources examined provides a slightly higher number of words with stylistic differences; however, the tasks are not always formulated paying attention to the stylistic meaning of words and collocations.

Mokslinio žurnalo ,,RES HUMANITARIAE“ XXXI numeris pradedamas taikomosios ir istorinės kalbotyros tyrimais. Daivos PAGOJIENĖS ir Vaidos DRUKTEINYTĖS straipsnyje aptariamos lietuvių kalbos kaip negimtosios stiliaus mokymo(si) problemos. Taikant kokybinius metodus, analizuojamos lietuvių kaip negimtosios kalbos stiliaus mokymo(si) nuostatos „Bendruosiuose užsienio kalbos mokymo(si) ir vertinimo metmenyse“ bei lietuvių kaip svetimosios kalbos mokymo(si) turinio apraše „Aukštuma“ ir lyginama su publikuota suaugusiesiems skirta mokomąja medžiaga. Anželika SMETONIENĖ publikacijoje nagrinėja Anoniminio katekizmo (1605) priesaginius veiksmažodžius denominatyvus ir deverbatyvus, t. y. priesagų vedinius iš vardažodžių ir veiksmažodžių. Iš šio šaltinio buvo išrinktos visos priesaginių veiksmažodžių formos ir jų vediniai, nustatytas Anoniminio katekizmo deverbatyvų ir denominatyvų santykis, darybos kategorijos, priesagų dažnumas ir darumas.