The article provides with psychoanalysis of the story titled Traumnovelle (Rhapsody: A Dream Novel, also known as Dream Story), written by Arthur Schnitzler, representative of the Viennese modernist style, that decodes intricate forms of mental life from unconscious instincts, libido. The reader is exposed to the characters’ affection, that of the therapist Fridolin and his wife Albertina, who play each other up with immodest confessions about their erotic affection. The article uncovers the action mode of the story, which is on the verge between dream and reality, consciousness and unconsciousness, peculiarities of feelings exposure through the characters’ imagination, structurally similar to a dream, is reviewed as well. The article examines the motivational structure of Albertina’s behavior, determined by “primary affection”, activity of her psychics, regulated by “satisfaction principle”, and that of Fridolin, based on “reality principle”, where functional activity is coherent with human needs and external reality conditions. The article investigates the motive of a mask as a symbol of transformation, acquisition of anonymity by losing individuality (Fridolin’s participation in a sado-masochistic orgy at villa of secret society) and as an opposition to the husband real-life adventure – Albertina’s dream, revealing frustration and pleasure from a married woman’s revenge for the imposed role of serving her husband. It is concluded that the art, as well as a dream, makes it possible to get released for some period of time from a social role and a consciousness censorship.
Economy operates in a broader social system, composed of households and enterprises but also by all institutions created by people. Law and politics is created and introduced in institutions in parallel to educational, administrative activities as well as any other social activities, including those related to the natural environment we live in. These institutions operate thanks to the social capital i.e. interconnected human resources. The quality of the social capital is dependent on mutual trust and relations in the society. For this reason, social capital is of key importance for sustainable development, both as a controller of the impact of the economy on the environment as well as the basis for the future development. The environment evolves continuously, there are rapidly changing economic processes and, in consequence, their impact on the environment is changing rapidly, tool. This brings some specific challenges to the resource and quality of human knowledge and the competence level of the human capital, as the only tool for a possible reduction of all imperfections.
Dalios Dilytės monografija užpildė net dvi lietuvių literatūros istorijos moksle iki šiol žiojėjusias spragas: pateikė lietuvių kalba gana išsamų veikalą apie pasakėčios žanro ištakas antikoje, jo raidą ir plėtotę Vakarų Europos literatūrose nuo viduramžių iki Švietimo epochos pabaigos; ir pirmoji – neįtikėtina, pradėjus švęsti 300-ąsias poeto gimimo metines, bet tiesa! – ėmėsi nuosekliai ir išsamiai analizuoti Kristijono Donelaičio pasakėčias. Kad ir viena, ir kita lietuvių kultūrai buvo labai reikalinga, esu tikra, niekas nesiimtų ginčytis.
The present study is based on a transformational account of verb-based nominalizations that precede the suffixes -er, -or, -ee. The theoretical foundations of this study are rooted in systemic functional linguistics and generative semantics. The aim of the research is to investigate the functional potential of -er, -or, -ee nominalizations in English. This is an attempt to reveal what semantic functions the mentioned nominalizations may perform. To achieve the aim, the collected examples were analyzed by employing descriptive, transformational and descriptive statistics methods. The semantic level plays a crucial role in determining the semantic functions of the nominalizations. In its own turn the semantic potential of the nominalizations is determined by the semantic properties of the underlying verb.
Jūratės Lubienės ir Astos Leskauskaitės parengta mokomoji knyga „Šiaurės žemaičiai kretingiškiai“ (knyga ir elektroninė laikmena) – tai dar vienas svarus indėlis į minėtų leidinių seriją „Lietuvių kalbos tarmės mokyklai“. Nors žemaičių jaunimą iš esmės galima laikyti nuolatiniais aktyviaisiais tarminiais vartotojais (leidinyje pabrėžiama, kad „tarmiškai šneka visos trys kartos. Ir ne tik šeminėje, bet ir visuomennėje aplinkoje“, p. 7), tačiau tik nuolat keliant tarmės prestižą, atskleidžiant jos savitumą, sistemiškumą, įdomumą ir svarbą vaikams bei jaunimui, galima užtikrinti jos tęstinumą ateityje.
Teofanija – dievybės pasirodymas, apsireiškimo pasauliui aktas. Akmens ir dendromorfinės teofanijos yra buvusios akistatos (dievų apsilankymo ar veiklos) pėdsakai. Todėl teofanija galima bet kada arba bent jau įmanoma tam tikru metu, pvz., ištikus negandai ar ligai. Teofanijos vietos yra lankomos tikintis pasveikti ar išsaugoti sveikatą, atliekamos terapinės procedūros, ritualiniai veiksmai. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami duomenys apie akmens ir dendromorfines teofanijas XV–XVIII a. rašytiniuose šaltiniuose ir nustatomos šių teofanijų refleksijos XIX–XXI a. liaudies medicinos terapiniuose metoduose, remiantis archyviniais ir autorės gydomųjų tikėjimų užrašymais.
The long-term principle concept is based on setting and achieving a vision for the future of coastal zone management. The vision for the sustainable development of coastal zone management includes utilizing new advances in scientific, technical, social and economic understanding of coastal sustainability. The coastal environment, dunes and beaches are outstanding natural assets. Their wildlife, cultural, historical and archaeological resources should be passed on to future generations in similar or better conditions than they are currently. The principle of long-term management can be analyzed according to these definitions (economics, ecology, ethics) concepts: comprehensive overview of systems, detailed investigation of issues, and the planning development of management practices that have a positive effect on the future.
2016-ųjų rudens tarptautinėse etnomuzikologų konferencijose svarbios buvo etnoinstrumentologinės temos. Rugsėjo 20–25 d. Sardinijoje vyko Kaljario universiteto Istorijos, kultūros ir teritorinio paveldo katedros ir Santu Lussurgiu miestelio bendruomenės surengta XXXII Europos etnomuzikologų seminaro (ESEM) konferencija „Muzikos, muzikų, muzikologų migracijos“ (angl. ‚Musics/ Music makers/ Musicologistsʼ transhumance‘). Jos pavadinime visų pasaulio šalių muzikinių migracijų, įvairių kelionių ir persikėlimų formoms ir temoms aprėpti simboliškai taikytas terminas transhumansas. Jis reiškia sezoninį kalnų regionų piemenų migravimą kartu su ganomomis gyvulių bandomis: išgynimą pavasarį į kalnų ganyklas ir sugrįžimą rudenį į slėnius. Kaip žinoma, visose šalyse piemenys ganydami mėgdavo dainuoti ar groti, turėdavo sau būdingus, dažniausiai pučiamuosius, muzikos instrumentus. Todėl šios konferencijos moksliniuose pranešimuose, neretai iliustruojamuose vaizdo siužetais, ir pačių autorių komentuojamuose etnografiniuose filmuose daug dėmesio skirta ne tik vokaliniam, bet ir instrumentiniam tradiciniam muzikavimui.
This article presents an analysis of the nicknames of the residents of the eastern part of Šilalė district, mainly Kaltinėnai, Bijotai and Upyna country-side districts. The nicknames are being classified according to some motivational personal features. The motivation groups of the nicknames are reviewed and described in details; moreover, it is established which personal features are mostly paid attention to by people from the Šilalė district. Specific cases of the nicknames’ formal structure are noticed and being discussed as well. After reviewing statistics of the examined districts nicknames motivation, it is compared to other nickname motivation of the whole Lithuania or separate ethnographic regions.
The appearance of portrait miniature is traditionally dated back to the 16th century when the miniature became a portrait genre. The Reformation processes occurring in Europe at the time also influenced the genesis of forms, technique and style of portrait miniatures. This paper focuses on the factors (related to the Reformation) which affected the formation of new images embodied in H. Holbein’s and N. Hilliard’s works. The rise of the portrait miniature as a new type of portrait, its features, and uniqueness of its properties are explained through the study of certain political, social, and cultural aspects of the Reformation movement in the context of English art.