Klaipėdos universitetas

The article deals with the issue of dangers and opportunities in the development of the Warmia and Mazury region in the context

The paper deals with the situation of entrepreneurship in three rural cross-border regions of Lithuania bordering on Kaliningrad Region and Poland, i.e. with Jurbarkas, Šilutė, and Vilkaviškis districts. The entrepreneurship factors in rural areas have been summarised, the outcomes of the research in the entrepreneurship factors of the rural areas of Lithuanian cross-border regions have been presented, and the factors impeding business development in the region have been named. In the contemporary society, the significance of the impact of entrepreneurship in economic, social, and psychological processes of the society development has been increasing. The direction of the society progress and the trajectory of its development is related to its members’ entrepreneurship abilities and opportunities. Individual’s entrepreneurship contributes to the perception and identification of the new opportunities of activity development, thus increasing the social welfare.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos vietos turizmo galimybės. Kadangi visame pasaulyje prognozuojamas turizmo srautų augimas, šalims svarbu pritraukti kuo daugiau vietos ir užsienio šalių turistų. Tad turizmo organizatoriams, siekiant išskirtinumo, reikia ieškoti unikalių aspektų vietos turizmo rinkodaros komunikacijos požiūriu. Šiuo straipsniu siekiama atskleisti, kaip socialinės medijų formos funkcionuoja renkantis vietos turizmo organizatorių keliones. Nustatyta, kad socialinės medijos laikomos vienos perspektyviausių ir labiausiai naudojamų pasaulyje rinkodaros priemonių vietos turizmo plėtrai. Nors įvairūs socialinių medijų rinkodaros aspektai turizme sulaukia vis daugiau tyrėjų dėmesio, dažniau įtraukiami ir į Lietuvos turizmo rinkodaros strategijas, tačiau nėra išsamesnių teorinių ir pirminių jų naudojimo tikslingumo tyrimų, netirtas ir ryšys su vietos kelionės tikslu. Straipsnyje pastebima, kad vis sudėtingiau socialines medijas atsirinkti. Atliekant tyrimą taikyti šie metodai: mokslinės literatūros lyginamoji analizė ir sintezė, anketinė apklausa, grafinio modeliavimo metodas. Identifikuotos įtaigiausios Lietuvos keliautojams socialinių medijų formos, kurios ateityje iš vietos turizmo organizatorių pareikalaus ne tik efektyviai veikiančių rinkodaros priemonių, bet ir jose pateikiamo įdomaus, netradiciniais sprendimais paremto keliones pristatančio informacijos turinio.

Straipsnyje aptariami tamsiojo ir darniojo turizmo aspektai, atskleidžiamos tamsiojo turizmo lankytojų patirtys darniojo turizmo kontekste. Pristatomas tyrimas, kurį atliekant analizuotos Šaltojo karo muziejaus, kuris įsikūręs Žemaitijos nacionaliniame parke, lankytojų patirtys. Tyrimo duomenų analizei pasirinkta teminė analizė, kuri yra lanksti, neribojama konkrečių teorijų ar sistemų. Temine analize siekta atskleisti Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko Šaltojo karo muziejaus lankytojų patirtis, analizuojant „TripAdvisor“ lankytojų atsiliepimus apie Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko ir Šaltojo karo muziejaus lankymo patirtis. Teminė analizė padėjo atskleisti dvylika temų, susietų į tris temines grupes, pavadintas „Tarp erdvės ir unikalumo“, „Tarp istorijos ir patirties“, „Tarp tamsiojo ir darniojo turizmo“. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidė, kad ateityje plėtojant Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko Šaltojo karo ekspoziciją pravartu atkreipti dėmesį į unikalias lankytojų patirtis, Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko vystymą kreipiančias glaudesnės tamsiojo ir darniojo turizmo sąveikos link.

Tourism is a sophisticated activity of any national economy. The originality of regional tourism impacts the application of special mix of means concerning insufficient professional knowledge and competences of enterpreneurs in the frame of providence of high quality services, hence, the regional tourism development interferens with specific problems. By current driven factors in regional tourism, such as high entrepreneurship, investments, variety of serviness, warrant a new era of local economy and serve for the strategic tourism development as tools and specific scenario. Sustainable tourism sector accesses new stock of acitivities concerning competitiveness amplification and popularization or implication of new resources. The current task of research is to identify the impacts of sustainable tourism development in the frame of amplification of new tourism resources concerning business range and sustainability of regional development.

Kultūrinis turizmas Lietuvoje į nuoseklią sistemą nėra išsivystęs, o kultūros ir meno sektoriuje kultūrinis turizmas – menkai teišnaudota sritis. Trūksta bendrų iniciatyvų, keitimosi žiniomis, patirtimis, tarpinstitucinio bendradarbiavimo. Tyrime siekiama parodyti turizmo ir kultūros bei meno sektorių jungčių galimybes, siekiant bendro ekonominio ir sociokultūrinio efekto. Straipsnis analizuoja kultūrinio turizmo sampratos ir suvokimo aspektus, galimas kultūrinio turizmo plėtros kryptis. Rekomenduojama kultūrinio turizmo sričių klasifikacija, kaip galimas vadybos modelis, įgalinantis praktinį pritaikomumą. Viena iš penkių kultūrinio turizmo sričių – parodos, festivaliai ir kiti renginiai – tiriama išsamiai, atskleidžiamas potencialas, funkcionavimo perspektyvos.

Innovations and innovative activities are becoming themost important feature of a country or region development. For this reason agreat amount of literature highlights this topic. There are a lot of documents,strategies and programs signed which try to enhance business competitivenessand productivity. Formation of regional policy should make that thisdevelopment will ensure a high quality of life throughout the country. Economicgrowth of countries in encouraging to look for more efficienty, which isdirectly related with innovative entities. The significance of innovations isthe focus of EU regional policy. Although the innovation phenomenon is widelyanalyzed, consistent and specified concept is not formulated. Thus, this paperwill primarily discuss the diversity of innovation concept and interface withthe regional concept. Another part of the work aims to reveal the determinantsof the regional development influencing innovation activities by differentauthor’s approaches. The final section of this paper is to present adoptedmethodological matrix for innovativeness evaluation for regions in Lithuania.In Lithuaniainnovativeness is counted just on a country’s level, no territorial importanceis emphasised. Even though innovations are closely related with regionalpolicy. So the main purpose of this paper is to make methodological basis formore detailed (in a territorial contex) analysis of innovativeness in Lithuania’sregions.

Šiame straipsnyje tiriama Lietuvos turizmo sektoriaus struktūra, jos teritoriniai skirtumai, šių skirtumų kaita laike ir erdvėje. Sudarytaturizmo struktūrų (paslaugų) duomenų bazė, remiantis įvairiais 2006 ir 2010 m. statistiniais šaltiniais. Tyrimui atlikti taikytiekonominės geografijos tyrimo metodai. Nustatyta turizmo pagrindinio ir gretutinio sektorių struktūra ir teritoriniai skirtumai, turizmopaslaugų teritorinis pasiskirstymas regioniniame (apskričių) ir vietiniame (savivaldybių) lygmenyje. Taikyta Webb’o modeliomodifikacija, pagal kurią išskirti plėtros kriterijai.

The purpose of this study is to find out how the settlement systems in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia changed during the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, and what the trends for further urban change are. In the Soviet period, single farms that existed in all three east Baltic countries were destroyed. The inhabitants of single farms were moved to central settlements. Cities grew in all the republics, especially in the largest centres. A network of satellite settlements grew up around the capitals, which was particularly dense around Tallinn and Riga. The capitals and their surrounding settlements are currently growing at a very high speed in all the east Baltic countries. This concentrates administrative functions and a highly skilled workforce, and attracts the most investment. As a result, peripheral areas, especially villages, are disappearing, and their inhabitants are emigrating. Such areas are becoming unattractive to business.In order to show the situation, the authors used a comparative analysis method, as well as cartographic, graphic and other methods. The anticipation of settlement principles and trends is one of the most important tasks of regional policy in each country. Therefore, an interpolation method was used to make estimates of the urban population in the three largest cities in the east Baltic countries from 2020 to 2023. The trend analysis indicates that the populations of most of the largest cities in the east Baltic countries will decrease.

This study consists of three main themes: (1) An overview is given about the main findings of the economic theories associated withemployment and labour / paid work; reinterpretation of the concept of labour is also provided, divided into pre-industrial, industrialand post-industrial periods, which the author aligns with the periods of the economic thought. The author interprets globalizationas a factor influencing the transition between industrial and post-industrial periods; and she elaborately introduces its economicsocialand labour market impacts. Among the potential alternatives of employment of the future, this thesis investigates the atypicalforms of employment, public employment and social (solidarity) economy. (2) Central-Eastern European countries and regions areanalyzed, as the territorial unit of the research, from labour market and employment aspects. Afterwards, the author evaluates theemployment situation of her closer environment, Northern Hungary. (3) Afterwards, she contributes suggestions to the criteria ofcreating a more efficient regional employment policy. The aim of this research was analysed the regional labour market situation bythe Central-Eastern European countries and regions, in particular by the North Hungarian region and was gave some proposals for apossible, efficient regional employment policy. Therefore through the multiple transformation of work concept, the demand for alternativeemployment forms has increased along with the significant change of the content. The author believes that these alternativefields and the regional employment policy can provide the answer for global labour market problems in the future. At the beginningof her research, she hypothesised that the position of the North Hungarian region is significantly determined by its special economicand social context which can be derived from the end of communism. The author used Hoover-index, tested the Okun’s law inCentral-Eastern European countries and regions, calculated the Markov-chain model and used factor analysis methods.