Klaipėdos universitetas

The years 2007 to 2011 were years in the active formation of alcohol politics and its changes in the creation of legislation. Therefore, this article is aimed at analysing the policy changes in the field of the Lithuanian Public Health Coalition during the period under analysis. The concept of the advocative coalition model was invoked in order to conceptualise the study. A qualitative survey was chosen as a methodological basis, in compliance with the documents analysed. The results of the study reveal that in 2006 and 2007, the structuring of the public health coalition in the field of alcohol policy began, and finalised at the end of 2011. After gathering together, the Pubic Health Coalition finally took shape in the field of alcohol policy in 2011 and 2012. In 2011, a broad coalition was formed, leading to a major conflict between the Public Health Coalition and a coalition of the alcohol industry. The latter sought to liberalise alcohol advertising, and succeeded in achieving this aim at the end of 2011. Nonetheless, the Public Health Coalition achieved its aims by strengthening and mobilising a broad coalition, and employing scientific evidence to support its position, thus achieving its strategic goals in alcohol policy.

His article sets out to explore two aspects reported in the literature: we pursued to fulfill the lack of research in the field of preparation and implementation of Lithuanian public management reform; searching for evidence that reforms are based on unclear public management doctrine. Principal – agent theory was applied to execute the aim of current research. The data collected by carried our eight in-depth semi structured interviews. The research sought to identify the change of opinions during the execution of public management reform. It was found, that preparation and implementation of public management reform depends on three factors: (i) value – based public management reform conception; (ii) existence of strong coordination center form reform execution; (iii) support of political – administration resource. However, the participation of political appointees at the reform process highlighted the conflict in their activity. From one hand the support of political appointees reduce control of performance. Otherwise, there is a threat for implementation of public management reform.

The article analyses the development of employee financial participation in Lithuania, describes the legal environment of financial participation, and supports this participation. Two methods were used to analyse employee financial participation: 1) the method of logical analysis in examining the internal documents of companies; 2) the qualitative research methods of focus group and semi-structured individual interviews. Theories of the agency and stakeholders were used to analyse the data collected. These theories are usually applied in research in an integrated way, analysing employee financial participation to elucidate the phenomenon of employee ownership, and examining the agent’s performance. It has been established that in Lithuania four employee share ownership programmes and plans usually apply: extensive employee share option programmes (granted to public limited companies whose shares are traded on stock exchanges); granting employee stock options to executives (so-called executive stock option programmes and one-time decisions); stock option programmes in start-ups; and shares granted by shareholders to employees.

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