Regional Formation and Development Studies

The online economy takes a huge role in today’s globalized world. Internet as a general purpose technology changes how companiesoperate, but it also changes the markets. The online economy has a huge effect on people’s everyday life, private and public companiesas well. The goal of this paper is to analyse the global online economy by countries of origin answering the question whichcountries dominate the internet. After deep literature survey on the subject the Alexa Top 500 database is used to analyse it by themost visited websites in the world. The analysis shows the online economy is dominated by the USA and China. Correlation analysisconfirms that GDP correlates with websites originating from that country. This means highly developed countries have better onlineeconomy with more websites, dominating the online economy.

This study consists of three main themes: (1) An overview is given about the main findings of the economic theories associated withemployment and labour / paid work; reinterpretation of the concept of labour is also provided, divided into pre-industrial, industrialand post-industrial periods, which the author aligns with the periods of the economic thought. The author interprets globalizationas a factor influencing the transition between industrial and post-industrial periods; and she elaborately introduces its economicsocialand labour market impacts. Among the potential alternatives of employment of the future, this thesis investigates the atypicalforms of employment, public employment and social (solidarity) economy. (2) Central-Eastern European countries and regions areanalyzed, as the territorial unit of the research, from labour market and employment aspects. Afterwards, the author evaluates theemployment situation of her closer environment, Northern Hungary. (3) Afterwards, she contributes suggestions to the criteria ofcreating a more efficient regional employment policy. The aim of this research was analysed the regional labour market situation bythe Central-Eastern European countries and regions, in particular by the North Hungarian region and was gave some proposals for apossible, efficient regional employment policy. Therefore through the multiple transformation of work concept, the demand for alternativeemployment forms has increased along with the significant change of the content. The author believes that these alternativefields and the regional employment policy can provide the answer for global labour market problems in the future. At the beginningof her research, she hypothesised that the position of the North Hungarian region is significantly determined by its special economicand social context which can be derived from the end of communism. The author used Hoover-index, tested the Okun’s law inCentral-Eastern European countries and regions, calculated the Markov-chain model and used factor analysis methods.

Established as a staple in studies of globalisation, the concept of the network implies that stable hierarchies and structures are giving way to nodal, multi-centred and fluid systems, and that this change takes place in numerous fields of interaction. Although the term itself is relatively uncommon, glocalisation is a standard theme in nearly all anthropological writing about globalisation as well as most of the sociological and geographical literature. Moreover, concepts describing impurity or mixing – hybridity, creolisation and so on – are specific instances of this general approach stressing the primacy of the local. The local–global dichotomy is, in other words, misleading. Bauman’s term ‘liquid modernity’ sums up this theoretical focus, which emphasises the uncertainty, risk and negotiability associated with phenomena as distinct as personal identification, economies and world climate in the ‘global era’. Ambivalence and fundamentalism in the politics of identity are seen to stem simultaneously from this fundamental uncertainty.

The article is devoted to the research of village and its culture in the global world, investigating the parallels of Lithuania and Poland. The process of globalisation greatly affects Lithuanian and Polish village. Only relatively small the well-off and better-off groups emerge, while the number of poor steadily increases. Moreover, there is a threat that big farms will push out family farms from the agrarian business. The implication is that being left without family farms village will change not only in the sense of social life but in the cultural plane as well. Village deagrarisation has deep economic, social, psychological and cultural consequences. In consequence of the deagrarisation decreases the potential of traditional rural culture. There are lots of threats for cultural heritage – it can gradually decline or transform into front culture. This threat is increased with growth residential steadings in village.