Archaeologia Baltica

The article focuses on issues of teaching/learning types of style in Lithuanian as a non-native language. The aim of the study is to analyse the provisions of the ‘Common Framework of Reference for the Teaching and Assessment of Foreign Languages’ and the content of the Aukštuma descriptor of teaching/learning Lithuanian as a foreign language through the use of qualitative methods, and to compare them with the published teaching material for adults. The study proved that, in accordance with these provisions, stylistic differentiations of language should be taught from Level B2 onwards, but very little attention is paid to this area in teaching material. Only one of the teaching resources examined provides a slightly higher number of words with stylistic differences; however, the tasks are not always formulated paying attention to the stylistic meaning of words and collocations.

The epigraphs of the Evangelical Lutheran cemeteries of Klaipėda provide rich information. They present exhaustive data on the buried person: full dates of their births and deaths, names, surnames, and maiden names of married women; sometimes even the place of origin or the social-professional status is indicated. Beside the personal data, the epigraphs contain farewell or sacred texts addressed to the dead. The ethnic Evangelical Lutheran cemeteries in Klaipėda Region significantly suffered during the historical and political events unfavourable for them. The majority of tombstones and crosses were totally destroyed and cannot be reconstructed. Unique information about the population of the Region was lost forever. In the article, the author analyzes the data presented in epigraphs: the distribution of the dead by gender and age, high infant/ children mortality rates, and other.

This paper focuses on five stones with ancient incised images containing the symbol of a pole with a semicircle or a cross at its top. This symbol had a cosmological meaning and represented a projection of the “heavenly sphere” onto a flat surface. The strict orientation of the stones and the symbols to the north indicates a ceremonial “world axis” directed to North Star. This symbol of the “world axis” was used during funerary rituals at gravestones The Scebiaraky site is an example of Baltic sacred stones (stabas) in the Baltic-Slavic contact zone.