Res Humanitariae

The article presents an analysis of the derivational system of one group of verbs attested to in the old Lithuanian text ‚Ziwatas‘ (1759), in particular denominative verbs derived from adjectives and nouns. The verbs analysed belong to factitive, ornative, fientive, stative, instrumental, similative and participative word formation categories. The centre of the denominative derivational type is comprised of desubstantives (51% in total) and deadjectives (42%), while derivatives from other parts of speech stand on the periphery of this type. The prototypical derivational types of denominatives are deadjectival verbs with the suffix -inti, and desubstantives with the suffixes -avoti and -yti, both belonging to the factitive category.

Esame labai spartaus mokslo, komunikacijų, skaitmeninių technologijų tobulėjimo liudininkai. Tai perša naują komunikavimo, vartojimo, gyvenimo būdą ir pasaulėžiūrą. Etninio savitumo išsaugojimas ypač aktualus globalizacijos kontekste. UNESCO Tolerancijos principų deklaracijos pirmame straipsnyje sakoma: „Tolerancija yra pagarba gausiai mūsų pasaulio kultūrų įvairovei, tai – ne vien moralinė pareiga, bet ir politinis bei teisinis reikalavimas.“ Tad tik savo kalba, etnine kultūra besiremianti tauta gali dalyvauti pasaulio civilizacijoje kaip lygiavertė partnerė, kurdama atvirą, modernią visuomenę, ir išlaikyti orumą bei gyvybingumą. Prie to, kad ir nedidele dalimi, prisideda ir žurnalas ,,Res Humanitariae“, kurio XXVI numeryje skelbiamos publikacijos, skirtos įvairių sričių – kalbotyros, literatūrologijos, kultūrologijos ir muzikologijos – klausimams, įprasminantiems žmogaus būtį ir siejantiems jį su savo tauta.

The aim of this article is to ascertain what kinds of traditions were common among the communities of cultural workers in the Ukmergė region at the start of the 20th century and in the first half of the 21st century. Based on fieldwork collected in Ukmergė in 2019, it can be claimed that cultural workers were related in both their professional and their social relationships. During Soviet-era government-approved celebrations, seminars for cultural workers and anniversaries were the most popular; while during the period of independence, gatherings of separate collectives, Christmas celebrations, and various organised professional and recreational trips were preferred. The tradition of awarding the best employee, which began with socialist competitiveness in the Soviet era, continues today in the cultural worker workplace.

Предлагаемая статья является публикацией обнаруженного почти три десятилеития тому назад зольника в юго-восточной части грунтового могильника Гора Великанов (южная окраина г. Пионерский). Этот зольник, как и ряд участков на восьми других грунтовых могильниках Самбии содержат останки куршей (обряд типа Аschenplatz-2), появившихся на Янтарном берегу в сер. XI в. после прекращения контактов пруссов со скандинавами. Это продвижение на запад жителей Литовского Взморья сопутствовало или предварялось заселением куршами Куршской косы и во многом было связано, очевидно, с нежеланием пруссов (из культовых соображения?) заниматься мореходством и селиться на морском берегу. Их место в Северной Самбии заняли курши.

The article presents the oldest forms of puppet theatre in Samogitia, the use of puppets in their natural environment, from Church feasts to entertainment or educational activities with puppets in the home environment. It discusses the sources of puppet theatre in ethnic culture, presents the beginnings of the artistic language of puppet theatre in the spontaneous development of puppet theatre, from dolls and masks in ethnic culture and religious ceremonies, to playing with dolls in the home environment and family celebrations. Authentic testimonies from inhabitants of Samogitian towns and villages are presented: a real treasure for those exploring the material and intangible cultural heritage tradition of this region, introducing it into the region’s ethnic cultural space.

The article deals with the diachronic interpretation of material from the Indo-European, Altaic and Afro-Asiatic language families, reaching, on one hand, the etymons of the first level (Ancient Greek *okṷịe-, Albanian *okṷi-, Turkic *uk(ā)-, Mongolian *ukа-) and the second level (Indo-European *hṷekṷ- / *heuk-, Altaic *uka-, Afro-Asiatic *Hwq-), and on the other hand, the third level (Nostratic *HuḲa), and allows us to fix both a divergent and convergent relationship of correspondences, taking into account the established laws.

The aim of the article is to describe various aspects of the study of Lithuanian as a foreign language at Klaipėda University during the last two decades. The survey deals with activities that come under Lithuanian language courses.

The article focuses on the morphological structure of infixed and sta-stem verbs in two written sources in the north Samogitian dialect of Kretinga, in particular Ziwatas and Purpura. The verbs in question are analysed in terms of their morphological composition, by comparing them to those recorded in a dictionary of the Kretinga dialect, and highlighting the changes and innovations that took place in the verbal system. The data gathered is further compared to linguistic facts regarding two authors using the same Kretinga dialect, Motiejus Valančius and Simonas Daukantas, and also to data provided by the Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language.

Tarpukariu Sedos vidurinėje mokykloje (1921–1935) mokėsi daug mokinių, vėliau tapusių reikšmingomis asmenybėmis, prisidėjusiomis prie lietuvių kultūros išsaugojimo ir plėtotės, ypač emigracijoje. 1928–1935 m. ją lankė ir trys būsimi poetai, kultūros darbuotojai – Leonas Vytautas Mačernis, Kazimieras (Leonardas) Andriekus ir Povilas (Paulius) Jurkus. Detaliau yra tyrinėti tik Vytauto Mačernio mokslo metai Sedoje. Bet tuo laikotarpiu surinkta medžiaga paliko ne vieną dviprasmybę, neatskleistą faktą. Juos, remiantis naujais archyviniais šaltiniais, liudininkų prisiminimais ir tų laikų spauda, bus bandoma išsiaiškinti straipsnyje. Taip pat bus gilinamasi į K. Andriekaus ir P. Jurkaus veiklą Sedoje, tiriama, kiek tai galėjo lemti jų pasirinkimo kelią, aiškinamasi, ar miestelyje yra likę ženklų, liudijančių trijų poetų buvimą Sedoje.

This article examines the impact of the historiographical work of Simonas Daukantas (1793–1864) on the dramas by Vydūnas (real name Vilhelmas Storostas, 1868–1953). From 1900 onwards, Vydūnas’ published works increasingly featured mentions of Daukantas and excerpts from the historian’s writings. A number of Daukantas’ intertexts are found in the drama Probočių šešėliai (Shadows of the Ancestors), written in 1900. This article, based on a comparative analysis of the writings by Daukantas and Vydūnas, raises the hypothesis that the author of the dramas was the ideal reader of the historian’s writings, and took various concepts, motifs and images from them. Vydūnas was inspired by Daukantas, and used the historian’s phrase ‘bočių probočių’ (ancestors of ancestors) and the concept of ‘tautos būdas’ (national identity) as a description of the essence of the nation, which is prevalent in his work published in 1845, and other concepts. He was the first to objectify the world created by Daukantas, and allowed Lithuanians to play the role of the ancient Lithuanian on the stage, and choose what was relevant in establishing modern Lithuanian society. The analysis reveals that Vydūnas saw the ancient Lithuanian world created by the historical writings by Daukantas as an archetype, and transposed it to a philosophical level. He also created a universal model for the link between the individual and the homeland; and in dramas, he presented simulation models for testing the proposed axiology.