Regional Formation and Development Studies

The subject of this study is leadership styles in educational establishments. Our tasks were as follows: to analyse leadership styles and to carry out an expert study aiming at the evaluation of leadership styles in educational establishments. The methods of investigation consisted in the analysis of scientific literature, systemisation, application of the principles of logical analysis and synthesis, generalisation, induction and deduction.

The article presents the evaluation of organizational culture of SC „Klaipėdos kartonas“. The employees’ attitude towards the importance and influence of OK, values, symbols, history, heroes, traditions and communication is evaluated by questioner created by authors of article. The survey revealed that employees appreciate their OK positively. They are guided by the values of organization in their work. The employees know the values and their impact, the history of organization, and have their heroes-employees. Common traditions are prevalent in organization. The communication in organization is business-like. Statistically important difference was revealed: managers of all levels expressed more agreement for statements about all elements of OK; meanwhile employees without subordinates expressed less agreement or disagreement. It is suggested to involve employees without subordinates in processes of formation and implementation of OK more actively.

In the analysis of leadership styles and their coherence the subject of leading the organization have been, is and will be valid at all times. Although there are quite a lot of scientific articles and books on leadership styles, but works of foreign researchers are often quoted. Unfortunately, Lithuanian scientists do not pay enough attention to new (relatively as transformational and transactional leadership styles have been begun to be analyzed in the end of last century) leadership styles, whereas a combination of leadership styles is not paid attention at all, stating a priori that it is better to use a combination of various styles. It certainly does not form serious approach to the current leadership style problem. The scientific problem is the lack of perception, identification and finding out style combinations in the field of leadership styles. The purpose of this article is finding out leadership styles set in Klaipėda progymnasiums through the analysis of leadership styles. The object of research is the leadership styles in Klaipeda progymnasiums. The research methods are analysis, synthesis and comparison based on the insights in scientific literature, which have been done in order to justify the eligibility of leadership styles chosen by the managers. Employees carried out individual questionnaires, while managers have been interviewed. To analyze, process, digest and graphically depict questionnaire data derived from quantitative research SPSS 18 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software and Microsoft Office Excel 2010 program have been used.

In the article, the author empirically approbates the structural scheme for the evaluation of the territorial state of development elaborated previously assessing territorial state of development of the statistical regions of Latvia. The scheme comprises four objective social economic elements and two subjective elements. The average values of normalized objective and subjective indicators for each region were calculated applying the most appropriate indicator of the statistical regions available in the national statistical database of Latvia to the each element of the scheme and normalizing the values of the selected indicators. Allocation of the statistical regions of Latvia in accordance with the normalized objective and subjective indicators was performed using the W. Zapf’s matrix, which provides a possibility to consider the territorial state of development not just in a quantitative but as well in a qualitative aspect, i.e., within the framework of the pluralistic territorial development paradigm suggesting a parallel existence of diverse development natures (qualities) in the global environment instead of applying a single quantitative scale to all territories being studied. In the result of the approbation of the structural scheme for the territorial state of development evaluation, it is not possible to single out a distinct statistical region of Latvia in accordance with its highest or lowest development level, rather it could be merely stated that each of the regions is developed in a different quality since each region has its own nature of development.

Assessment of the first level managers only in respect of their compliance with the requirements set for a particular job position isnot sufficient. A tool facilitating identification of the relevance of the first level managers in certain management chain is required asit would ensure effectiveness of their performance and harmony in the management chain. The present article aims at emphasisingthe feasibility of identification of the relevance of the first level managers in the management chain (MLM–FLM–SUB) throughpersonality traits. The research analysed the following members (links) of the management chain: first level managers (FLM), theirdirect supervisors – mid-level managers (MLM) and subordinates (SUB) – working in five furniture manufacturing companies ofthe West Lithuania Region. “The Big Five” method was applied as research instrument to assess personality traits of the first levelmanagers. Quantitative analysis enabled modelling of a graph, which represents a derived mean value of the assessment of thefirst level managers’ personality traits, designated to identify disharmonious chains in companies. When identifying the first levelmanagers’ relevance in the management chain, only individual evaluations performed by the members /links of the chains werereferred to and used as a basis for evaluation of personal traits of particular first level manager only. The obtained data supplementsdirect indicators of FLM performance assessment.