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Der Ostdeutsche Heimatdienst und die Volksabstimmungszeit in Ostpreußen. Der Anfang vom Ende der friedlichen Koexistenz? | Ostdeutscher Heimatdienst and the Plebiscite in East Prussia. The Beginning of the End of Peaceful Coexistence?

Stefan Thierfelder

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v30i0.1181

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 84–100

Abstract

A fierce national East Prussia-related conflict between Germans and Poles after the First World War basically contrasted with the prewar situation in the province. After the decision taken at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 to hold a plebiscite in two governmental districts of this German province on their inhabitants’ political affiliations, the vast population there had to take a test on the basic choice of their political, and simultaneously cultural, orientation. Today, researchers agree that the plebiscite of 1920 caused irreversible damage to the multiethnic area. There is no doubt that the so-called Ostdeutscher Heimatdienst organisation strongly contributed to this. The article raises questions as to what circumstances promoted the establishment of the organisation, who its principal actors were, and how they affected the East Prussian population.

The Interest in East Prussian Ethnic Culture in the Second Half of the 19th Century and its Impact on the Activities of Richard Dethlefsen

Nijolė Strakauskaitė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v30i0.1180

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 74–83

Abstract

The paper analyses the impact of his interest in 19th-century East Prussian ethnic culture on the activities of Richard Jepsen Dethlefsen (1864–1944), one of the pioneers of monument protection in the region. Dethlefsen’s important activity in the area of recording and protecting the East Prussian cultural heritage also implied an acquaintance with the cultural values of Prussian Lithuania, whose roots were formed by the Reformation in the Duchy of Prussia; by Romanticism, which actualised the history of Prussia and the Prussian tribes; and a few other factors. Despite the impact of nationalism paradigms in the German Empire in the late 19th century, Dethlefsen’s activities contributed to the understanding of the intentions of his contemporaries to consider East Prussia as a unique cultural space, whose historical conditions predetermined the survival of the uniqueness of several ethnic regions, by emphasising it as a value of the East Prussian province to be protected. The concept of pluriculturalism of the former East Prussia, as revealed in Dethlefsen’s work, remains a relevant guideline for cultural heritage policy in west Lithuania (the former Klaipėda region).

Die (Re-)Konstruktion altpreußischer Identität in der regionalen Kulturgeschichtsschreibung im Ostpreußen des 18. Jahrhunderts (Lilienthal, Arnoldt, Pisanski) | The (Re-)Construction of the Old Prussian Identity in Regional East Prussian Historiography…

Axel E. Walter

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v30i0.1179

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 39–73

Abstract

The paper focuses on the contribution of regional 18th-century ‘East Prussian’ historiography to the formation of an Old Prussian identity. The author specifies the concept of ‘Old Prussianism’, and reveals the main steps in the change in that model of identity in the 18th century through an analysis of three authors who were active in Königsberg and spanned three generations: Michael Lilienthal (1686–1750), Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt (1706–1775) and Georg Christoph Pisanski (1725–1790). On the basis of their treatises, the paper reveals how in the 18th century, in the territory of the former Duchy of Prussia, a unique regional self-awareness independent of Royal (Polish) Prussia and of Brandenburgian Prussia was developing, as well as a related concept of the past of the region.

Ostpreußen und sein Nachleben: Von der Hartnäckigkeit eines historischen Phänomens | East Prussia and its Posthumous Life: on the Tenacious Vitality of a Historical Phenomenon

Andreas Kossert

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v30i0.1178

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 20–38

Abstract

The paper is a keynote address to the conference ‘Contacts and Cultural Transfer in the Historical Region of East Prussia (1700–2000)’ that took place in Nida in September 2013. It considers what the East Prussia region means, and what it is associated with today, after it stopped existing 70 years ago. The question is asked what the current situation of East Prussian historiography is, and potential directions for the development of new relevant research are outlined. The author argues that in the process of the cognition of East Prussia, a shift was made from the conservative system of meanings, developed mainly by the former local elites in Germany after the Second World War, to the cognition of regional diversity, which existed before the era of nationalism, and to coping with national narratives about East Prussia. Simultaneously, in the former territory of East Prussia, which currently belongs to Poland, Russia and Lithuania, individual elements of the past of the region continue to occupy an increasingly important role in layers of the local identity, and form opportunities for local cultures of remembrance.

Įvadas

Vasilijus Safronovas

Klaus Richter

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 13–19

Introduction

Vasilijus Safronovas

Klaus Richter

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, pp. 6–12

Editors’ Note | Sudarytojų žodis

Vasilijus Safronovas

Klaus Richter

Pub. online: 2 Dec 2015 Type: Editorial Note

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 30 (2015): Contact Zones in the Historical Area of East Prussia = Kontaktų zonos istoriniame Rytų Prūsijos regione, p. 5

The Earliest Maiolica Ceramic Dishes in the Old Town in Vilnius

Miglė Urbonaitė-Ubė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v1i0.1144

Pub. online: 30 Sep 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volumes 21-22 (2015): Horizons of Archival Archaeology, pp. 163–173

Abstract

The paper analyses maiolica ceramic dishes from the late 16th and early 17th centuries found in Vilnius’ Old Town. The items in question were the first imported maiolica dishes in the town. They are classified and their production sites are identified on the basis of their technical and stylistic characteristics, and in accordance with foreign analogies. Thus, five plates are assigned to the Antwerp production centre, while the stylistic and manufacturing characteristics of another plate are found to be similar to the Haarlem and Antwerp maiolica production centres. One small bowl with religious inscriptions is assigned to the Faenza production centre in Italy. A fragment of a berrettino-type plate is associated with the Liguria region or Venice. The paper attempts to assess the significance of the first maiolica dishes in daily life in Vilnius in the late 16thand early 17th centuries. The relationship between the find spots and historical data suggests that four dishes could be associated with Catholic monasteries. During the period in question, maiolica ceramics were a rarity: they performed both an aesthetic and a luxury function; on three pieces of bottoms of plates, holes were found for hanging the plate on the wall. The information presented in the paper provides an opportunity to deepen our knowledge about maiolica dishes in Vilnius’ Old Town, which have not been investigated much, and to identify the prospects for further research.

The Historical Waterfront Revetments of Rīga in the Light of Dendrochronological Dating

Māris Zunde

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v1i0.1143

Pub. online: 30 Sep 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volumes 21-22 (2015): Horizons of Archival Archaeology, pp. 148–162

Abstract

In the course of archaeological excavations and supervision work in the historical centre of Rīga (Old Rīga), revetments built at various times along the former River Rīga or Rīdzene have so far been discovered in at least 11 sites, and revetments along the bank of the River Daugava have been found in at least three sites. The absolute age of stretches of revetment along both banks of the River Rīga (Rīdzene) and along the right bank of the River Daugava, discovered in the course of recent archaeological excavations, has been determined using the dendrochronological dating method. This article brings together the results obtained thus far in the dating of these structures. Although only some of the discovered stretches of historical waterfront have been dated, this information has given a significantly more precise picture of the building history of the waterfronts along the banks of both rivers, and thus also of the development of the historical ports of Rīga. This indicates the importance and necessity of continuing this research.

Serving the Homeland: The Historical Society for the Province of Posen

Elisabeth Anna Krüger

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v1i0.1142

Pub. online: 30 Sep 2015 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volumes 21-22 (2015): Horizons of Archival Archaeology, pp. 142–145

Abstract

The aim of this article is to briefly introduce not only the history of the Historical Society of the Province of Posen (Prowincija Poznańska; Historische Gesellschaft für die Provinz Posen), and to show its historical context, but also to clarify the question whether its foundation was not only for purely historical interest in the past of Greater Poland, but also whether the anti-Slavic feeling at that time formed the intention to participate in current events. It looks at the extent to which this organisation was another factor that contributed to the Germanisation of the country. The Greater Poland area is particularly appropriate for the study, since German and Polish residents here were anchored in the past, the region has roots and decided independently to pursue a scholarly review of its history. At first, however, the rival parties were dominated by Poles: in 1857, a Polish organisation was founded called the Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk Poznańskiego (Poznań Society of Friends of Science, TPNP), along with a small museum. But the German residents in Greater Poland became more and more interested in archaeological discoveries in the province of Posen, too. The opening of a permanent exhibition at the Museum of the Society of Friends of Science led German circles to establish a similar institution, whose main founders were Rodgero Prümers and Adolf Warschauer, employees of the Poznań State Archives. On 5 March 1885, the Historische Gesellschaft für die Provinz Posen came into existence. Among their most important tasks was the investigation of German history in the province, studying culture and history, publishing scholarly papers, and also the preservation of monuments and the collection of antiquities. The ultimate goal was a museum of their own in the province of Posen. In 1894, the Provinzialmusem opened. The Provincial Museum of Historische Gesellschaft formed the basis for the later Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum, and for today’s Archaeological Museum in Poznań, and is therefore irrevocably linked to the professionalisation and institutionalisation of German and Polish archaeology. It would be unthinkable to offer an archaeological scene in Poznań without the Historische Gesellschaft, as long as Poland was divided and occupied by the Germans. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance, from a historical research perspective, that the history, political activity and collection are processed and presented, in order not to lose this chapter of German history of research in the oblivion of contemporary Poland.

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