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Nuo bajorių iki valstiečių: karo pabėgėlės Tvano laikotarpiu Lietuvos Didžioje Kunigaikštystėje | From Nobles to Peasants: Women Refugees in the Deluge Period in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Rita Regina Trimonienė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v42i0.2292

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2021 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 42 (2021): Women and War: Roles and Experiences in Lithuanian History = Moterys ir karas: vaidmenys ir patirtys Lietuvos istorijoje, pp. 39–60

Abstract

Although war refugees are mostly a subject of research involving war and military conflict in the 20th and 21st centuries, forced migration also accompanied many earlier military conflicts. This article focuses on war refugees during the Deluge period in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, when the Commonwealth was simultaneously at war with Muscovy (1654–1667) and Sweden (1665–1660). At that time, the idea of offering temporary shelter for refugees was increasingly recognised, and relief for refugees gradually became a concern of the nascent modern state. In the Commonwealth, the Cossack uprising and the aforementioned wars of the mid-17th century made the issue of war refugees particularly relevant. The article first clarifies the terms that were used to refer to migration and war refugees (zbieg, advenus, profugus, exul and wygnaniec). Later, it examines whether state institutions in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL), a constituent part of the Commonwealth, attempted to deal with refugees’ problems. Finally, on the basis of scarce and fragmentary sources, the author makes an attempt to trace the fate of women refugees from different parts of the GDL in Žemaitija (Samogitia) in 1654–1667, and their behavioural strategies, and to answer the question to what extent the decisions of the women refugees were independent, or dependent on the will of their spouse or their family.

Moterys ir karas ikimoderniosiose baltų visuomenėse | Women and War in Premodern Baltic Societies

Ričardas Dediala Manvydas Vitkūnas

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v42i0.2291

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2021 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The role of women in Prehistoric Baltic societies has so far received relatively little attention. As for the Balts (east Baltic tribes), they have hardly been studied in this respect at all. The paper deals with aspects of warfare involving east Baltic women, fragmentary as they might be, based on archaeological data and written source material. The authors analyse archaeological data, asking if it might help to reveal whether there were any female warriors in ancient Baltic societies (this can be done by analysing grave goods and anthropological features of human remains found in graves). Investigations of female remains sometimes also reveal traces of violent traumas, potentially related to or even directly caused by war. The article also analyses Medieval written sources describing the role of east Baltic women in military conflicts. Although they are very scarce and do not provide clear answers, some rare and unique cases featuring female activity in military society reveal the importance of their role in tribal decision-making.

Įvadas

Vytautas Jokubauskas

Vasilijus Safronovas

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v42i0.2290

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2021 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Introduction

Vytautas Jokubauskas

Vasilijus Safronovas

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v42i0.2289

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2021 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Editor’s note | Redaktoriaus žodis

Vasilijus Safronovas

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2021 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Statistical modeling for laser induced damage threshold

Leonidas Sakalauskas Ingrida Vaičiulytė

https://doi.org/10.15181/csat.v8.2102

Pub. online: 4 Oct 2021 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Computational Science and Techniques Volume 8 (2021), pp. 625–630

Abstract

Monte Carlo experiments are an efficient tool for investigation of the Laser-Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) testing with pulsed lasers. In this study, the approach of sequential Monte Carlo search is developed for LIDT testing with bundle of laser pulses and compared with the approach of Sample Average Approximation (SAA). The likelihood ratio test is applied to accept or reject the hypothesis about the data distribution.

Task stalling for a batch of task makespan minimisation in heterogeneous multigrid computing

Albertas Jurgelevičius Leonidas Sakalauskas Virginijus Marcinkevičius

https://doi.org/10.15181/csat.v8.2103

Pub. online: 14 Sep 2021 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Computational Science and Techniques Volume 8 (2021), pp. 631–638

Abstract

This paper presents a new algorithm for a batch of task makespan minimisation in heterogeneous multigrid computing. Heterogeneous grids are known to cause straggling task problem that increases task execution makespan. Existing task distribution algorithms solve this problem by using information about the compute node capacities or task sizes. However, such information may not always be available. Task stalling solves both problems. However, this method is described for queuing systems consisting of only two heterogeneous servers or grids. Our proposed algorithm is based on an improved task stalling method, allowing it to distribute tasks in systems consisting of two or more grids. Experiment results show reduced task execution makespan by up to 19,92% compared to FIFO. This allows us to conclude that the new algorithm is suitable for a batch of task makespan minimisation in heterogeneous multigrid computing.

Adaptive User Interfaces and the Use of Inference Methods

Rachelle Barrette Ratvinder Grewal

https://doi.org/10.15181/csat.v8i0.2186

Pub. online: 21 Jan 2021 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Computational Science and Techniques Volume 8 (2021), pp. 616–624

Abstract

Bayesian Networks are used to model a user's behaviour. There is not much research on the use of Frequentist Inference to accomplish this same task. This paper aims to analyze and describe the differences between inference methods: Bayesian and Frequentist. A simulation was conducted using Conditional Probabilities that were drawn from the Drupal Usability Study that was conducted in 2012 to apply to both inference methods, Bayesian and Frequentist. Results from this simulation showed that for most probabilities, Bayesian and Frequentist values are reasonably close. Although more frequentist values were equal to 50% than Bayesian values. With this, it was deduced that for Adaptive User Interfaces, Bayesian Inference is a superior method to use.

Publications by Vladas Žulkus

Gintautas Zabiela

Pub. online: 20 Dec 2020 Type: Bibliography

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 14 (2010): Underwater Archaeology in the Baltic Region, pp. 18–25

Pirmasis Žemaitijos bajorų herbynas | Rec. kn.: BŁASZCZYK, Grzegorz. Herbarz szlachty żmudzkiej. T. 1–6. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo DiG, 2015–2016

Gabrielė Jasiūnienė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v41i0.2223

Pub. online: 18 Dec 2020 Type: Book Review

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 41 (2020): Aspects of Southeast Baltic Social History: The 14th to the 18th Centuries = Baltijos pietrytinės pakrantės socialinės istorijos aspektai XIV–XVIII amžiais, pp. 223–227

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