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Journals: Archaeologia Baltica

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Kurland. Die Grenzen und die nordlichen Landschaften in 8.-13. Jahrhundert

Vladas Žulkus

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 88–103

Abstract

Das kurische Territorium und die einzelne Territorien kurischer Landschaften genauer zu bestimmen ist es möglich anhand der archäologischen und historischen Informationen.

The Question of the Heterogeneous Population of the Upper Oka and the Upper Desna Region in the Middle Ages

Oleg Proshkin

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 80–87

Abstract

Among the barrows attributed to the local Slavic population in the area of the left bank of the Upper Oka and right bank of the Upper Desna are barrows where the burial rites differ from the local inhabitants’. Different types of burials, a man’s burial with weapon and a horse, a horse’s burial, a horse’s burial with a man’s or animal’s cremation, a man’s burial with weapons, a man’s burial with a bird’s burial, a man’s burial under a rectangular stone barrow, were typical burial customs of Baltic and Finno-Ugric inhabitants in the 11th to 13th centuries AD.

The Economy and Social Power in the Late Prehistoric Chiefdoms of Eastern Latvia

Andris Šnē

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 68–79

Abstract

The article is devoted to the economic structure of chiefdoms’ socio-political organisation, and the role of the economy in constructing and maintaining social and power relations in Latvia in the middle and late Iron Age.

Pole Constructions in Open Air Ritual Areas of the Northern Sambia in the First Millenium AD

Marina Smirnova

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 58–67

Abstract

The open ritual area is one type of pagan cult site. In this article are presented the results of an analysis of wooden pole frames and constructions from six open ritual areas in the northern Sambian peninsula. Their chronogical time covers the third to the 13th centuries AD. Open ritual areas coexisted with fireplaces and pits. In the early phase pole constructions are characterised by a rectangular shape, and subsequently a roundish shape. Analogies with open ritual areas are known in Poland, Denmark and Germany.

Zwischen „Fluchtburg“ und „Herrensitz“. Sozialgeschichtliche Interpretationen früh- und hochmittelalterlicher Burgwälle in Ostmitteleuropa

Sebastian Brather

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 40–57

Abstract

Die Diskussionen um die Ursachen des frühmittelalaterlichen Burgenbaus im östlichen Mitteleuropa und um die Funktionen der Befestigungen dauern an. Die steigende Zahl der Jahrringdaten gestattet neue und immer detailliertere Einblicke.

The Vaškai hoard

Algimantas Merkevičius

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 32–39

Abstract

The article describes the Vaškai hoard, found in the 19th century. The hoard consists of a Mälar-type axe, a shaft-hole axe and a miniature dagger. At present, the Vaškai hoard is kept in the State Historical Museum in Stockholm and can be dated to the beginning of the first millennium BC or the Bronze Age V (Montelius – period IV).

Neolithic Vehicle Tracks Superposed by Long-Barrow LA 3, Flintbek, North Germany

Bernd Zich

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 22–31

Abstract

Out of 71 investigated tumuli in the prehistoric cemetery near Flintbek, long-barrow LA 3 deserves special attention because of its gradual extension in early Neolithic times and its superposition of a vehicle track.

The Late Neolithic Grave at Gyvakarai in Lithuania in the Context of Current Archaeological and Anthropological Knowledge

Povilas Tebelškis Rimantas Jankauskas

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 8–21

Abstract

The paper discusses a rare archaeological and anthropological find – a Late Neolithic grave, found in the year 2000 in Gyvakarai village (Kupiškis region). The site was discovered by chance, when local inhabitants were digging gravel from the slope on the left bank of the Žvikė creek. Radiocarbon dating (two separate samples of bone analysed): 3745±70 bp (right tibia, Ki-9470) and 3710±80 bp (left ulna, Ki-9471) confirmed the initial supposition of Late Neolithic, and actually falls to the very end of this period. The following grave goods associated with the inhumation were found: boat-shaped polished stone axe with shaft-hole; hafted axe, produced from flint of a greyish colour; a blade knife, produced from flint of a greyish colour; a hammer-headed bone (antler?) pin, found among disturbed bones of the burial (to our knowledge this is the first hammer headed pin in Lithuania).

The osteological analysis of the burial revealed that the bones belonged to one fragmentary skeleton. Bone fragments are well preserved, and were from parts of the skull vault, both maxillas, the right side of the mandible, five cervical, twelve thoracic, five lumbar vertebrae, fragments of ribs, the handle of the sternum, both clavicles and scapulae, humeri, ulnae, right radius, right and left hand bones, fragments of both coxal bones, femora, tibias, fibulas and bones of the feet. The skeleton belonged to an adult male that died at the age of 35-45 years. The skull vault was too fragmentary for measurement, visually it can be evaluated as hypermorphic, dolichocranic, with an average or even a broad face. The postcranial skeleton is hypermorphic, with marked muscle insertions. The reconstructed stature is 173-176 cm. Such a massive skeleton is typical of other Lithuanian Corded Ware/Boat Axe culture people, and similar to those found in Estonia, Prussia and later the Fatyanovo people from the Central Russian plain.

This new case forces us to revive the long-lasting discussions about the origins of Indo-Europeans and the Balts. Summarising the current empirical facts and hypotheses based on archaeological, linguistic, anthropological and genetic data, we can find support for both migration and acculturation models. All known Corded Ware/Boat Axe burials in Lithuania are singular, contain individuals of adult/mature age, are associated with a particular set of grave goods and characterised by a very specific phenotype – these facts would support the hypothesis of immigration. However, some facts would also speak for the acculturation hypothesis: probably the adoption of the Indo-European language was earlier, via cultural transfer, and migrants of Kurgan people already found communities with whom they could communicate. However, they left no significant impact on the local anthropological substrate.

The Livs – neighbours of the northern Balts. Notes on the margin of Roberts Spirĝis monograph “Bruņrupuču saktas ar krūšu važiņrotām un lībiešu kultūras attīstība Dauguvas lejtecē 10.–13. gadsimtā”, Rīga, 2008

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 25 Nov 2005 Type: Book Review

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 12 (2009), pp. 137–139

Schmaläxte mit Nacken in Litauen

Arvydas Malonaitis

Pub. online: 1 Oct 2002 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 5 (2002), pp. 163–183

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