The author maintains that the soils formed by the Pomeranian Glacier during the Bölling Interstadial at the time of Hamburgian Culture stood under rising moisture and were not yet lixiviated enough. The main food sources of reindeer, especially reindeer-moss (Cladonia rangiferina) and dwarf birch-trees (Betula nana), require a sandy, dry, non-calcareous soil and therefore could not flourish in the highly calcareous moraine clay.
Because the reindeer herds probably avoided the plains in eastern Germany between Schleswig-Holstein and the Middle Oder during the Bölling Interstadial, it is highly improbable that the discovery of any sites of Hamburgian Culture in this area could be reckoned with in the future.
The article examines trading conditions in medieval Klaipėda (Memel) and reports the results of the latest dendrochronological dating of oak found in the Old Town.
Unique findings, wells with wooden constructions and buckets made of lime bark in them, were detected recently in the Lieporiai 1 settlement near Šiauliai (in northern Lithuania). These objects were parts of an iron smelting site dated to the fourth to eighth centuries. Reconstructions of the well and the technique of producing lime bark buckets were made by B. Salatkienė and A. Šapaitė. A detailed description of the artefacts and their environment constitutes the first part of this paper, and the technique of reconstruction and producing lime bark buckets forms the second.