Res Humanitariae

Long shafts, known by various sources in Sambia, were not attracting the attention of archaeologists. According to their location, the shafts are divided into: shafts near the extremities of the peninsula, known from archaeological exploration, and shafts in the depth of the land, known only from written sources. It is possible that the shafts were performed not so much by the military as by cult and administrative functions, limiting the extraterritorial nature of the canals and protecting the foreign boats roaming through them from the Prussian tribal territory, the laws of which the merchant-mariners did not obey.

The final phase of the Viking Age in the Prussian material culture was marked by the proliferation of media in the retinue of the Prussians and Curonians bronze and iron products, coated (plated) of silver. By the XIV century from the Prussian nobility extends the custom of wearing “knightly” zones, as the Order’s decorated and traditionally Prussian images. Later burials of Christianized Prussians plated items disappear along with the main array of other burial items.

The particular phenomenon of a Baltic style emerges in contemporary Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian organ music, related to the dimension of the depth and the cycles of waves, rising to appocalyptic transcendentality. Its features are like the style of eternity: eternal melody, monotony of rhythm, the power of the depths concentrating on eclipse and enlightenment. The philosophy of religion and nature, as well as aspects of pantheism, the search for ‘another space’, and the paradigm of the horizon of visuality, are clearly hidden in this semantic. All these ideas featured in the music could be called a Baltic phenomenon, the motivation of which is based on a confrontation with the agressive nature of the north and the Russian Empire. This concept is supported by the Baltic self, and is extended by the Lithuanian identity reconcept: the turn to Baroque and European connections in culture, statehood and the rationalism of the Enlightenment.

The paper is dedicated to the generalisation of the investigations results for the 13th–15th Curonian Spit archaeological sites, with the analyse of the main types of finds and supposed Prussian and Curonian contact zone problem. Last decade’s established theories about the 13th–15th Curonian Spit archaeological sites populaton are also reviewed and revised. Unpublished till now new archaeological investigations and archival data is reflected in this study.

For the last 20 years, the Baltic Sea has been affected by many upheavals, not only geopolitical but also economic. They have forced