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Erdvių pasisavinimas Rytų Prūsijoje XX amžiuje: ar jau atėjo laikas lyginamiesiems tyrimams? | Appropriation of Spaces in East Prussia During the 20th C. Has the Time for Comparative Research Already Come?

Alvydas Nikžentaitis

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.299

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 24 (2012): Erdvių pasisavinimas Rytų Prūsijoje XX amžiuje = Appropriation of Spaces in East Prussia during the 20th Century = Prisvoenie prostranstv v Vostochnoi Prussii v dvadtsatom stoletii, pp. 296–307

Abstract

On the basis of the research papers in the present collection, the author focuses on the issue of how specific the symbolic appropriation of the former East Prussian territories (and primarily cities, such as Kaliningrad, Olsztyn, and Klaipėda) was as compared to the expression of the process in other Lithuanian cities, such as Vilnius, Kaunas, and Šiauliai. The article discusses the role of capital cities as standards for building the cultures of remembrance in regions, the role of national (or communist) symbols as instruments of symbolic appropriation, and the impact of the communication milieus that formed and maintained the cultures of remembrance in cities. The author identifies the similarities and differences in the processes of symbolic appropriation of Klaipėda, Kaliningrad, Olsztyn, and Vilnius.

Miestas kaip palimpsestas. Istorijos skaitymo ir rašymo vyksmas Gardine | City as Palimpsest: the Process of History Reading and Writing in Grodno

Felix Ackermann

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.298

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

Over the 20th c., the city of Grodno changed its political dependence more than once; at the end of World War II and in the postwar period, it experienced cardinal changes in the composition of its population. By interpreting the city as a palimpsest, the author examines the process of re-reading and rewriting of the meanings in the palimpsest that took place in Grodno in the 20th c. The author highlights the breaks and the continuity in the maintenance of the meanings and discusses the strategies applied to legitimate one’s presence in the city. The article discloses the meanings in the course of studies how the processes of cultural appropriation of Grodno changed the area of the city as a system of references consisting of the symbolism of a network of city streets, squares, individual buildings, religious sites, and other.

O postizhenii Vostochno-Prusskogo goroda posle 1945 goda. Sootnoshenie ego vospriiatii vo vsesoiuznoi, natsional'noi, lokal'noi sistemakh znachenii na primere Klaipedy | Comprehending the East Prussian City After 1945 …

Vasilijus Safronovas

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.297

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

Like many other towns in East Prussia, Klaipėda lost almost all its former population during World War II and was inhabited by newcomers after 1945. After an example of Klaipėda, the article analyzes the process of comprehension of a newly inhabited area and making it one’s own. Klaipėda became a former East Prussian city having returned to Lithuania and simultaneously incorporated into the Soviet Union. That caused the clash of interests, the development of which also changed the systems of meanings that provided a framework for the appropriation process. The city was gradually comprehended in the process of formation of unique interrelationships of the meanings of Soviet ideology, all-Union patriotism, Lithuanian national culture, and East Prussian cultural heritage. In the article, the author identifies the processes that affected different configurations of the said interrelationships in different post-war periods.

Pasisavinant Mažąją Lietuvą. Vienijančios kolektyvinės atminties konstravimas Lietuvoje tarpukariu | Appropriating Lithuania Minor. Construction of Consolidating Collective Memory in the Interwar Lithuania

Dangiras Mačiulis

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.296

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article analyzes the aspiration of the interwar political and cultural elite of Lithuania to turn Klaipėda Region acquired in 1923 into integral part of the state of Lithuania by construing collective memory that would unify Lithuania Minor and Major. The attention is focussed exclusively on the initiatives whose authors were the political and cultural elite of Lithuania that identified itself with the tradition of Lithuania Major.

Rytų Prūsijos reikšmės Prūsijos lietuvių aplinkoje XIX–XX amžių sandūroje | Meanings of East Prussia within the Milieu of Prussian Lithuanians at the Turn of the 20th C.

Nijolė Strakauskaitė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.295

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article analyzes the issue of East Prussian meanings in the environment of Prussian Lithuanians in terms of their “mental maps” and “symbolical geography”. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the communication channels that affected the process of mental appropriation of “our own region” – East Prussia – by the ethnic group of Prussian Lithuanians. The significance of the historical tradition related to the reformationist provision of protection of the status of the Lithuanian language in churches and schools of Prussian Lithuania, as well as of the periodicals published in Lithuanian at the turn of the 20th c. in East Prussia, is emphasized, as it is considered to be a significant communication channel that formed the conception of East Prussia, a close and “one’s own” space from the geographical, administrative-political, and civilization viewpoints. The analysis is oriented towards the problem of “appropriation of the past”, and it contributes to the understanding how the meanings of East Prussia topical for Prussian Lithuanians formed and which symbols marked the presently imaginary spaces identified with East Prussia and Prussian Lithuania/ Lithuania Minor as its part.

Praeities atminimo tęstinumas bei pokyčiai ir vietinės bendruomenės prigijimo procesas. Olštyno pavyzdys | Changes and Continuity in Remembrance of the Past and Process of Local Community Rooting. The Case of Olsztyn

Marta Karkowska

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.294

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article deals with the settling down process of the newcomers to post-war Olsztyn, i. e. their efforts to develop their own relationship with the environment of the place of residence they arrived in from other territories. The author believes that the “national” (Polish) version of reading of the past of the city that took root in the Soviet years and that neglected the regional specificities of Warmia and Masuria served as one of the major stimuli accounting for the settlers’ formation of meaningful relationships with Olsztyn. By comparing the meanings used in the formation of relationships in the periods before and after 1989, the author demonstrates that the said “national” version of reading the past of the city presently co-exists with the efforts to popularize regional history and the multiculturalism of the past of Warmia and Masuria.

Chto znachat Varmiia i Mazuriia dlia sovremennykh poliakov? | What Do the Warmia and Masuria Mean to the Contemporary Poles?

Marcin Wakar

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.293

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

By considering what Warmia and Masuria Regions mean to contemporary Poles, the author tries to find an answer by identifying two levels of acquaintanceship with the region: narrative constructions that acquired the forms of myths and scientific cognition. He analyzes the maintenance of two myths around which the images relating to the comprehension of the said regions concentrate: the myth of the Recovered Lands and the myth of Arcadia. Simultaneously, he discusses the meanings of Warmia and Masuria disclosed by scientific studies of the last two decades in contemporary Poland and the changing conceptions of the past of the region resulting in unique forms of identifying oneself with the past of Warmia and Masuria Regions.

Varmijos ir Mozūrijos prijungimas prie Lenkijos. Legitimavimo prielaidos ir praktikos | Incorporation of Warmia and Masuria into Poland. Assumptions and Practices of Its Legitimation

Andrzej Sakson

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.292

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article reveals the assumptions under which Polish claims to Warmia and Masuria Regions were legitimated in the 20th c. and the impact made on the starting points of the policies applied after WWII to the integration of Warmia and Masuria into Poland by the ideological political situation and the ratio of powers formed in the years of the war. The author pays great attention to the disclosure of the policy of “de-Germanization” and its practices by demonstrating the ways of instrumentalization of anti-German attitudes by the postwar Polish authorities, thus promoting the symbolical integration of former German territories (the Recovered Lands) into the minds of Polish settlers in them.

Chto znachit «Vostochnaia Prussiia» dlia kaliningradtsev? | On the Meaning of East Prussia for Contemporary Kaliningradians

Valerii Gal''tsov

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.291

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article focuses on the role of the specificity related to East Prussia and its past in the current self-consciousness of the population of Kaliningrad Oblast and in the future strategies of the said territory of Russia. The author questions both the impact of the above mentioned specificity on the formation of uniqueness of Kaliningrad people in the context of other Russian territories and the existence of a special Kaliningradian identity. To his mind, for the population of Kaliningrad, East Prussia is a multidimensional symbol that provokes different social-cultural phenomena and simultaneously is used in order to trigger, maintain, and enhance the phenomena.

Praeities aktualizavimas Kaliningrade po 1990 metų: būdingiausių tendencijų apibrėžtys | Actualisation of the Past in Kaliningrad after 1990: The Outlines of Prime Trends

Lina Motuzienė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v24i0.290

Pub. online: 5 Jun 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The article reveals the principal trends of changes in the relationship with the past in the city of Kaliningrad at the turn of the 21st c. It examines how different social groups and institutions – amateur and professional historians, veterans of World War II, museums, and interest groups abroad – were solving the dilemma that emerged in Kaliningrad during the Perestroika period and were trying to choose what was native and what was foreign in the past of the city. The author argues that the active formation of the relationship with the past of the city, especially during the last decade, by those groups intertwines with the efforts to strengthen ties between Russia and its exclave and makes an impact on the Russianization of the city areas and East Prussian cultural heritage.

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