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Keywords: Lithuania

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Reisen in die Vergangenheit: Deutsche Heimattouristen auf der Kurischen Nehrung | Journeys into the Past: German ‘Roots Tourism’ on the Curonian Spit

Anja Peleikis

Pub. online: 15 Oct 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 19 (2009): Studia Anthropologica, III: Identity Politics: Histories, Regions and Borderlands, pp. 115–129

Abstract

Since 1990 many Germans travel to the former German regions in Eastern Europe from which they or their relatives had been displaced in the course of World War II. Studying the case of Nida on the Curonian Spit in Lithuania – the former Nidden in East Prussia and the Memel district, respectively – the article examines the role of ‘roots-tourism’ (Heimattourismus) for the visitors as well as for the town Nida. Visits to the former homeland spark the examination of one’s own life story. This enables the former inhabitants to overcome their homesickness so that they gradually become ‘normal’ tourists. In this process they reinforce the ‘place-myth’ of this region as an idyllic paradise at the Baltic Sea. Tourism, thus, provides for continuity by reconstructing the past in the mind of the visitors as well as in the tourist place. The article points out how the tourism industry tunes its ears to the visitors’ demands and offers different approaches to the past.

The Fallacy of Misplaced Identity in Macedonia and Lithuania

Victor C. De Munck Davorin Trpeski

Pub. online: 15 Oct 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 19 (2009): Studia Anthropologica, III: Identity Politics: Histories, Regions and Borderlands, pp. 69–78

Abstract

Using case studies from Macedonia and Lithuania, the authors develop a three level theory of the formation and dynamics of national identity. Case study material is used to show how first order levels of identity such as common language, religion, ethnicity and history are by themselves unmotivated until they are anthropomorphized as national characteristics and capacities, usually in heroic proportion. This second level order of national identity gives life to national identity but also can emphasize differences between different groups of people; a third epistemological level is often required which, if it is effective is a way of selectively emphasizing similarities and eliding differences across these disparate groups that constitute the nation. This theoretical model integrates “top down” and “bottom up” approaches to understanding the formation of national identity and case studies are used to support and illustrate the theory.

Hegemonic Narratives and Religious Identity Politics in Contemporary Lithuania

Ingo W. Schröder

Pub. online: 15 Oct 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 19 (2009): Studia Anthropologica, III: Identity Politics: Histories, Regions and Borderlands, pp. 49–57

Abstract

The essay introduces the Gramscian concept of hegemony to the study of identity politics, with a special focus on the distinction established by Jean and John Comaroff between hegemony and identity. The case of Catholic identity in Lithuania is used as an illustration why identity politics tend to fail when they are perceived to serve the ends of ideology rather than creating a hegemonic consensus.

„Kaliningrado vokiečių“ klausimo išsprendimas (?): Lietuva, 1951-ieji metai | Solution (?) of the Case “Kaliningrad Germans”: Lithuania, 1951

Arūnė Liucija Arbušauskaitė

Pub. online: 8 Sep 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 18 (2009): Antrojo pasaulinio karo pabaiga Rytų Prūsijoje: faktai ir istorinės įžvalgos = End of the Second World War in East Prussia: Facts and Historical Perception, pp. 207–230

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the solution (?) of the case. People, because of famine and the occupation of the East Prussia by the Stalinists, fled the Kaliningrad region to Lithuania and other regions in search of bread and work. How many were there? There are hypothesis that 5-7 thousand or more people from Kaliningrad roamed Lithuania in 1946-1947. After the deportation of the ethnic people from the Königsberg/Kaliningrad region in 1947-1949, the MGB and Soviet militia structures searched for them in the neighbouring territories. The net result of the action was the deportation of the so called “Kaliningrad Germans” in 10-12 May, 1951 from Lithuania to Germany. The total amount of deportees, who declared their birth place as East Prussia, was 3415 persons from Lithuania and 275 other regions. The principal result of these deportations of unnecessary, ideologically foreign people was that East Prussia became homogeneously Soviet and all that remained of Königsberg and East Prussia were historical facts.

Burials with Horses and Equestrian Equipment on the Lithuanian and Latvian Littorals and Hinterlands (from the Fifth to the Eighth Centuries)

Audronė Bliujienė Donatas Butkus

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 149–163

Abstract

In the fifth to the eighth centuries, graves of well-armed men and their riding horses –or the ritual parts of horses– were spread throughout almost the entire mainland part of Lithuania and Latvia, or in the territory between the Nemunas and Daugava / Western Dvina Rivers. This was the northernmost part of Europe in which the custom had spread in the fifth to the eighth centuries. While the horsemen’s and horses’ burial customs varied in separate regions of the defined area, still everywhere the horseman and horse were interred in one grave pit, with the horse almost always to the person’s left. In their journey to the Afterlife, however, the bond between horseman and horse began to vary in the communities that lived in the more peripheral regions. The variety of burial customs was associated with differences in the communities’ social structure; these differences affected interment traditions and formed different burial rites. The custom that existed in the Roman Period on the littorals of Lithuania and Latvia to bury ritual horse parts (the head or head and legs) and spurs with armed men disappeared; here only bridle bits symbolized the horse in armed men’s graves in the fifth to the eighth centuries. Warriors’ graves with equestrian equipment spread throughout the entire region between the Nemunas and Daugava in the fifth to eighth centuries. With the change in burial customs (with the spread of cremation), and, apparently, in worldview, riding horse burials appeared that no longer could be associated with the concrete burials of people.

When did Domesticated Horses Appear in Lithuania?

Algirdas Girininkas Linas Daugnora Indrė Antanaitis-Jacobs

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 22–31

Abstract

The horse bones found in Lithuanian habitation sites that date to the Late Neolithic and to the Early Bronze Age still do not indicate that these horses were ridden upon or used to plough the soil. However, horse bones have been found in Lithuanian territory only in those sites where bones of other animals that were domesticated have been found. This suggests that domesticated horses in Lithuania might have spread together with other domesticated animals by way of cultural diffusion during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age.

Living above the Water or on Dry Land? The Application of Soil Analysis Methods to Investigate a Submerged Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Lake Dwelling Site in Eastern Lithuania

Giedrė Motuzaitė-Matuzevičiūtė

Pub. online: 9 Oct 2008 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 9 (2008), pp. 33–46

Abstract

Lake dwellings are a well-known phenomenon in European prehistory. Two submerged sites in Lake Luokesai (Luokesai I and Luokesai II) are the only known lake dwellings from the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in Lithuania. Soil analysis methods aimed to answer some crucial questions connected with Lake Luokesai’s inhabitants during the period of the occupation of Luokesai I.

Polska wobec wstąpienia Litwy do struktur europejskich | Poland in Regard to Lithuania’s Admission into European Structures

Zbigniew Karpus

Pub. online: 15 Jan 2008 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 16 (2008): Baltijos regiono istorija ir kultūra: Lietuva ir Lenkija. Politinė istorija, politologija, filologija = History and Culture of Baltic Region: Lithuania and Poland. Political History, Political Sciences, Philology, pp. 159–164

Abstract

The article is devoted to the new historical and political investigations on the Poland in regard to Lithuania’s admission into European structures during last decades. The Polish state authorities took part at generation of actual political events of independence receiving in Baltic States in memorable 1991 year. As an important part of the background for the States strategic partnership it is possible to admit the collaboration in the developments of economical and industrial units, which reached the high point of its intensity in the middle 1990, having the possibility to use the positive results of free market since January 1, 1997. The important element in the positive process in normalizing relations between Poland and Lithuania was the forthcoming political support to join NATO for all Baltic States from the Polish State side. The Polish support for Lithuania to join NATO as well as EU was consistent, principled, and made non-conjuncture way.

Jaunosios vainikėlis pietryčių Lietuvos lenkų vestuvėse XX a. pabaigoje – XXI a. pradžioje | Bridal Coronet in Southeast Lithuanian Polish Wedding in the End of the 20th Century – Beginning of the 21st Century

Alina Tomaševič Jonas Mardosa

Pub. online: 10 Dec 2007 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 15 (2007): Baltijos regiono istorija ir kultūra: Lietuva ir Lenkija. Karinė istorija, archeologija, etnologija = History and Culture of Baltic Region: Lithuania and Poland. Military History, Archaeology, Ethnology, pp. 227–240

Abstract

The present article analyses the features of a language occurring in the border. The results were. Based on field research material and analysis of different authors the article analysis characteristics of Southeast Lithuanian Polish bridal coronet twinning and materials used for coronet. Customs of the first wedding day evening related to the symbol are analyzed. The task is to determine whether in Lithuanian Polish weddings bridal coronet is distinctive example of Lithuanian Polish wedding traditions or it is synthesis of Polish and Lithuanian wedding ceremony and customs. It is concluded that distinctive traditions of use of material for Southeastern Lithuanian Polish wedding coronet are developing. Also Lithuanian customs are taken over and treated meaningfully. Therefore during the wedding through symbol it is aimed to highlight ethno-cultural distinction of Southeastern Lithuanian population

Cechy szczególne obrzędów ludowych na pograniczu języków i kultur | The Special Features of the Folk Rituals in the Border of Languages and Cultures

Krystyna Rutkowska

Pub. online: 10 Dec 2007 Type: Article

Open Access

Abstract

The presented here article analyses the features of a language occurring in the border. The results were achieved by using the ethno-linguistic method, which is based on the systematic analysis of the ritual structure and vocabulary. The object of the analysis was a little fragment of the spiritual culture – the winter period of the ritual year. The structure of the ritual was established according to the methodology as well as the terminology of rituals, which includes several lexical-semantic microfields, was analyzed. The research was carried out nearby Vilnius (region of Vilnius, partly Širvintai and Molėtai) and also in the regions close to Byelorussia (Šalčininkai and Švenčionys).

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