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Klaipėdos universitetas

Author: Audronė Bliujienė

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Preface

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 20 Jun 2010 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 13 (2010): At the Origins of the Culture of the Balts, pp. 6–9

Wealthy Horsemen in the Remote and Tenebrous Forests of East Lithuania during the Migration Period

Audronė Bliujienė Valdas Steponaitis

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 185–205

Abstract

According to the data of 2008, eight horsemen buried in grave pits with complete horse skeletons had been discovered in only four of the East Lithuanian barrow cemeteries of the second half of the fifth century. The majority of these graves already were pillaged in antiquity. The barrows with graves of men interred with horses are concentrated in a small territory between Lakes Tauragnas, Žeimenis, and Vajuonis, in an area that does not exceed 50-60 sq. km. Particularly rich burials with silver and silver artefacts, most of which originated in the middle Danube and Carpathian Basin, are found in this small region. Such burials are associated with supreme rulers and high ranking military leaders. Burials of well, but standardly armed, horsemen and infantrymen also are found in the region. They can be associated with the retinue of supreme rulers. Current data suggest that while multi-ethnic groups of people reached the East Lithuanian micro-region between Lakes Tauragnas, Žeimenis, and Vajuonis during the Migration Period, the newcomers vanished from the local population over the course of four generations. This small region’s concentration of great wealth and military power, along with marked differences in social structure emphasized even in the structure of the barrow cemeteries, would suggest that a form of government identical to that of a chiefdom had been created in the region.

Burials with Horses and Equestrian Equipment on the Lithuanian and Latvian Littorals and Hinterlands (from the Fifth to the Eighth Centuries)

Audronė Bliujienė Donatas Butkus

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 149–163

Abstract

In the fifth to the eighth centuries, graves of well-armed men and their riding horses –or the ritual parts of horses– were spread throughout almost the entire mainland part of Lithuania and Latvia, or in the territory between the Nemunas and Daugava / Western Dvina Rivers. This was the northernmost part of Europe in which the custom had spread in the fifth to the eighth centuries. While the horsemen’s and horses’ burial customs varied in separate regions of the defined area, still everywhere the horseman and horse were interred in one grave pit, with the horse almost always to the person’s left. In their journey to the Afterlife, however, the bond between horseman and horse began to vary in the communities that lived in the more peripheral regions. The variety of burial customs was associated with differences in the communities’ social structure; these differences affected interment traditions and formed different burial rites. The custom that existed in the Roman Period on the littorals of Lithuania and Latvia to bury ritual horse parts (the head or head and legs) and spurs with armed men disappeared; here only bridle bits symbolized the horse in armed men’s graves in the fifth to the eighth centuries. Warriors’ graves with equestrian equipment spread throughout the entire region between the Nemunas and Daugava in the fifth to eighth centuries. With the change in burial customs (with the spread of cremation), and, apparently, in worldview, riding horse burials appeared that no longer could be associated with the concrete burials of people.

Preface

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 8–11

Following the Traces of the Lost Ėgliškiai-Anduliai Curonian Cemetery

Anna Bitner-Wróblewska Audronė Bliujienė Wojciech Wróblewski

Pub. online: 9 Oct 2008 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 9 (2008), pp. 77–91

Abstract

The Ėgliškiai-Anduliai cemetery is the largest Curonian burial site ever researched. However, during the Second World War this cemetery’s artefacts and archival material were scattered throughout museums, archives and various institutions in several countries. In this article, the authors present an intricate reconstruction of this burial monument based only on the surviving archival material of the research by German archaeologists, and only on a small collection of artefacts, as well as the research by Lithuanian archaeologists in recent years.

Konferencija „Weapons, Weaponry and Man. In memoriam Vytautas Kazakevičius“ („Ginklai, ginkluotė ir žmogus. Vytautui Kazakevičiui atminti“)

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 9 Dec 2007 Type: Discussion

Open Access

Journal: Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis Volume 14 (2007): Baltijos regiono istorija ir kultūra: Lietuva ir Lenkija. Socialinė istorija, kultūrologija = History and Culture of Baltic Region: Lithuania and Poland. Social History, Cultural Sciences, p. 269

Armed Men and their Riding Horses as a Reflection of Warriors Hierarchy in Western Lithuania during the Roman Iron Age

Audronė Bliujienė Donatas Butkus

Pub. online: 9 Nov 2007 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 8 (2007): Weapons, Weaponry and Man (In memoriam Vytautas Kazakevičius), pp. 95–116

Abstract

Three vast areas in northern Europe during the Roman Period are known for their people’s development of a distinctive viewpoint regarding the riding horse that was reflected in sacrificial rites (north Germany; the Jutland Peninsula; Zealand, Funen, other Baltic Sea islands, as well as southern Scandinavia) and burial rites (Dollkeim-Kovrovo, Sudovian, West Lithuanian Stone Circle Grave cultures, and, in part, the Lower Nemunas and Bogaczewo cultures). The custom at the end of the second century and in the third century to bury a riding horse (usually only the horse’s head, head and legs, or individual teeth) with armed men was especially distinct in the West Lithuanian Stone Circle Grave Culture area. This burial rite feature distinguishes the mentioned cultural unit (Aistians) area from the communities of other Balts who lived in current Lithuanian territory. The burial rite features that had developed in the West Lithuanian Stone Circle Grave Culture area illustrate the warriors’ hierarchy and the military’s dependency on the society’s nobility that already existed in the Roman Period. These social structure features link the West Balt communities with the northern Germanic peoples. West Lithuanian Stone Circle Grave Culture was the northernmost barbaricum territory in which riding horses were so often buried with people.

Preface

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 9 Nov 2007 Type: Introduction

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 8 (2007): Weapons, Weaponry and Man (In memoriam Vytautas Kazakevičius), pp. 8–10

Some Notes on Curonian Women’s Bead Sets with Bronze Spacer Plates in their Headbands, Headdresses Made of Cloth and Unaccountable Ware during the Viking Age and Early Medieval Times

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 28 Sep 2006 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 6 (2006), pp. 126–143

Abstract

Curonian women’s bead sets with bronze spacer plates or pectoral ornaments, headbands, headdresses made of cloth, caps adorned with metal spirals and unaccountable ware from the Viking Age and early medieval times in a lot of cases are not correctly interpreted. Some of the Curonian ornaments investigated in this article have good parallels in Livonian, Gotlandic and Scandinavian material and material from Finland. At the same time, bead sets with spacer plates both in Gotland and in Curonia were an outcome of the rivalry between Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire in designing symbols of power and prestige.

The Livs – neighbours of the northern Balts. Notes on the margin of Roberts Spirĝis monograph “Bruņrupuču saktas ar krūšu važiņrotām un lībiešu kultūras attīstība Dauguvas lejtecē 10.–13. gadsimtā”, Rīga, 2008

Audronė Bliujienė

Pub. online: 25 Nov 2005 Type: Book Review

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