Klaipėdos universitetas

The article discloses main types of children’s interaction (“I”, “You”, “We”) and its meanings, emerging in natural environment as well as the type of pedagogical reconstructions, corresponding or not corresponding to these meanings. Using the method of conventionality and correspondence, it is orientated to the idea of respective education, defending the right of the child as a person and individual to remain unique in education. It is demonstrated how the educator can give a sense to this children’s opportunity, constantly communicating with the children’s world, interpreting education on the basis of suggestive egalitarianism ideas and implementing it as a child-adult dialogue.

Straipsnyje atskleidžiama vaiko sampratų ir vaikystės fenomenų socialinių-kultūrinių prasmių raidos genezė. Tuo pagrindu nagrinėjamas vaikystės fenomenų tyrimų socialinis-edukacinis prasmingumas. Pasitelkiami socialiniai, filosofiniai ir kultūriniai antropologiniai kontekstai, atskleidžiantys, kaip suvokiant vaikystės fenomenų prasmes galima atlikti į vaikystės ir vaiko pasaulį orientuotus kokybinius tyrimus. Plačiau analizuojami vaikų metaforinio mąstymo fenomenologiniai, hermeneutiniai ir psichokognityviniai kontekstai. Atskleidžiama vaiko metaforinio mąstymo fenomenologinių reikšmių genezė: nuo žinių prie prasmių, nuo ugdymo proceso, kuris reiškia „turėti“, prie proceso, kuris reiškia būti su vaiku, pedagogui išliekant tarpininku tarp socialinės realybės pasaulio ir vaiko pasaulio.

The article examines sociocultural contexts of the genesis of the processes of the professionalization of performance within the paradigm of specificity vs generality. It emphasizes the increasing specialization in the area of human-human interactions inherent in the medical profession that are pertinent to the conditions of modern consumer society. The authors analyze the consequences of professional specialization in relation to the shifting physicians’ worldview and through individual self-expression explore professional deformations associated with moral and spiritual phenomena within the context of doctor-patient interactions that, on the one hand, are oriented towards missionary nature of the medical profession and, on the other, towards the opportunities of individual professional development. In the examination of occupational continuum, the authors utilize a phenomenological approach that enables to characterize different aspects of professional and personal deformations, as well as to analyze the meaning of professional opportunities through recognition and comprehension of their essence.