Res Humanitariae

Gruodžio 1-ąją dieną LR Vyriausybė užsimojo neeiliniam žygiui – ėmėsi svarstyti konstitucinio Valstybinės lietuvių kalbos įstatymo pataisas. Tikslas paprastas ir aiškus – palaiminti lietuvių kalbos išvalstybinimą, kitaip – atimti iš lietuvių kalbos jos valstybinį statusą. Puiki dovana visai Lietuvai ir jos piliečiams pasitinkant valstybingumo šimtmetį. Projekto sumanytojai galėjo ir nesismulkinti, o kirsti „iš peties“. Kaip tai darė 1864 m. liūdnai pagarsėjęs Michailas Muravjovas bei jo parankinis vidaus reikalų ministras Piotras Valujevas, įsakydami: 1. Visiems spaustuvių, litografijų ir chromolitografijų savininkams nespausdinti lietuviškų raštų lotyniškomis raidėmis; 2. Visose gubernijose neleisti draudžiamos spaudos įvežti, pardavinėti bei platinti; 3. Draudimą paskelbti visiems spaustuvių, litografijų ir chromolitografijų savininkams, o išspausdintuosius raštus konfiskuoti.

In the article is surveyed the calendar-ritual tradition and its change from the magical beginning to poetic, aesthetic one. It is presented dominant level – suggestive, seen in the formula desirable – real. The focus is on a calendar memory, its main factors by which it is relayed. The emphasis is on repetition, variation of traditional actions and verbal expression.

Field section for the delivery ceremonies village Veremiivka Chernobai District, Cherkasy Region of Ukraine allows to conclude that the individual local community ritual actions and folk beliefs associated with the birth of the child, with the all-Ukrainian tradition. At the same time, it is possible to ascertain the presence of a number of locally-territorial peculiarities that distinguish itself Veremiivka’s maternity rite among others. In addition, the opportunity to interview a significant number of inhabitants of the village for the study enabled the implementation of a quality slice of existence of traditional birthing rituals and its transformation that allows you to make a monographic study of certain areas.

In the article, separate stages of the evolution of the cupboard («mysnyk») in the Polissia dwelling are considered. It was established that at first its functions were performed by a system structurally connected with a log-house «hriad» (decks or beams), which were gradually transformed into «hriady»-shelfs. The shelves placed on the threshold and facial walls were one of the oldest, and the initial stage of the genesis of «myshynyk», which later took their place, is connected with them. At Polissia two types of «myshynyk» has been developed: stationary – structurally associated with a log-house or «lava» (older), and mobile, mostly hinged (of a new origin).

The author analyzes the short-term and long-term weather omens and magical methods of influence on weather events by the inhabitants of the Ukrainian Middle Polissya, such as drought, rain, storm, hail; he examines the transformation of meteorological knowledge and beliefs.

Among the important components of the decorative art of any people is the technology of making images. One of the forms of this technology is the basic technique (from Türk Baysa – “imprint”), which is one of the forms of realization of the imitation style. Using various forms (including – Baysa-technology) masters of different cultures and peoples sought in their creations imitating / copying works of more complex technology and, accordingly, more expensive. In fact, we are talking about imitation (de facto – about fakes) of affordable means of expensive samples. The review of the development of the Baysa-technique in the art of the Western Balts made it possible to make the ceremonial and status character of the items made in I thousand. AD the base method.

In order to be distinguished from the conventional verbal interactional context deliberate violations of the metadiscursive matrix are employed: 1) the informal register instead of the formal; 2) gradable adjectives and superlatives violate the expectation of objectivity and accuracy; 3) the self-conscious pragmatic-rhetoric strategies; 4) ample use of vulgarisms and offensive addresses; 5) a diversity of rhetoric means.

The article deals with the peculiarities of the concept of motivation in word formative, nominative, linguacognitive aspects, as well as a general understanding of motivation in connection with the doctrine of the process of semiosis and the internal form of the word. In particular, the motivation in the derivational aspect is understood as the process of formation of the semantic and formal connection of the derived word with the formative one within the sign code of the language system, in the nominative – the formal and semantic connection between words as signs (expression and content plans), realized in the formation of words; in linguacognitive – the establishment of a semantic and formal dependence between the motivator and the derivative by a nominative unit (a motivated sign) based on the connections of different components of the knowledge structure about what is meant in the ethnic consciousness.

The article investigates common and ethnic-language features in formal and semantic-functional representation of category of diminutiveness in Ukrainian, English and Latin, that shows the peculiarities of evaluative-emotional world conceptualization in world models of these languages. The formal features of diminutivity representation in Ukrainian, English and Latin on that levels of language structure, where denoted category can be represented, are viewed, common and particular for each language semantic-functional varieties of diminutive meaning representation are highlighted.

The main objective of this study is to describe the main characteristics of the Spanish interlanguage of a group of Lithuanian learners, as well as to establish differences in the evolution of the interlanguage among learners of the basic and advanced levels. Four main types of errors will be studied: morphosyntactic, lexical, phonetic and orthographic, using linguistic and statistical criteria and trying to offer as complete analysis as it is possible, both in the descriptive plan and in explaining the hypotheses about the cause of the errors. The purpose is to get data for improving the teaching methodology and for creation of specific materials for teaching Spanish, aimed at native speakers of Lithuanian.