Klaipėdos universitetas

Keywords: Iron Age

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Archaeobotanical evidence from the Bandužiai (Žardė) Late Bronze Age to Late Iron Age settlement in western Lithuania

Kotryna Alma Bojarskaitė

Ieva Masiulienė

Dalia Kisielienė

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v32i0.2755

Pub. online: 16 Dec 2025 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 32, Issue 1 (2025), pp. 66–98

Abstract

The Žardė–Laistai–Bandužiai archaeological complex is one of the largest and most unique prehistoric sites in western Lithuania, dating from the 1st millennium BC to the 13th–14th centuries. Within the complex, the ancient settlements of Bandužiai (Žardė) and Bandužiai I are distinguished by the abundance of features linked to production and economic activities. Years of research at the Bandužiai (Žardė) settlement have provided copious amounts of archaeological material, mostly related to metallurgical activities, but its fragmentary nature makes interpretation difficult and highlights the need for an interdisciplinary approach. This paper presents a more comprehensive overview of the Bandužiai (Žardė) settlement through archaeobotanical finds which have been systematically collected but only analysed to a limited extent. The material derives from multiple archaeological contexts, some of which were radiocarbon-dated using AMS. The dates revealed a direct chronology for some archaeological features, extending from the Late Bronze Age to the Late Iron Age, with the exception of the Roman period. The archaeobotanical analysis produced a large dataset of charred and waterlogged plant remains, enabling detailed insights into agricultural practices, settlement structure and environmental conditions over time, and providing rare insights into plant use in production-oriented areas. Results demonstrated that while the main cultivated species varied across different phases, environmental conditions remained relatively stable. Wild and cultivated plants indicated a frequent human presence from the Pre-Roman period, intensifying in later times. Evidence also suggests that the site might have been used differently at certain times, with a clearly defined industrial zone, a possible food preparation zone and even a short-lived domestic zone during the Viking period. These findings provide one of the most comprehensive archaeobotanical datasets from western Lithuania, contributing to wider discussions of agricultural development and human–environment interaction in the eastern Baltic.

Zooarchaeological Material from the Padure (Beltes) Hill-Fort in Latvia: Butchering Techniques and the Composition of Species

Linas Daugnora Andrejs Vasks Salomėja Sovaitė All authors (4)

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v20i0.811

Pub. online: 30 Dec 2013 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 20 (2013): Frontier Societies and Environmental Change in Northeast Europe, pp. 117–133

Abstract

Observations on Estonian Iron Age Cremations

Raili Allmäe

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v19i0.272

Pub. online: 30 Sep 2013 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 19 (2013): Societies of the Past: Approaches to Landscape, Burial Customs and Grave Goods, pp. 31–47

Abstract

Structure, Chronology and Interregional Relations: An Analysis of the Archaeological Material from Opstainis, Vilkyškiai Iron Age Hill-Fort and Settlement

Romas Jarockis

https://doi.org/10.15181/ab.v17i0.56

Pub. online: 20 Nov 2012 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 17 (2012): People at the Crossroads of Space and Time (Footmarks of Societies in Ancient Europe) I, pp. 136–151

Abstract

The Processing and Use of Flint in the Metal Ages. A Few Cases from the Kernavė and Naudvaris Sites in Lithuania

Gytis Piličiauskas Grzegorz Osipowicz

Pub. online: 20 Jun 2010 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 13 (2010): At the Origins of the Culture of the Balts, pp. 110–125

Abstract

Findings of Harness Items and the Cult of the Horse in Latgallian and Selonian Territories

Antonija Vilcāne

Pub. online: 30 Aug 2009 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 11 (2009): The Horse and Man in European Antiquity (Worldview, Burial Rites, and Military and Everyday Life), pp. 254–269

Abstract

Calendrical deer, time-reckoning and landscape in Iron-Age North-West Spain

Antonio César González García Marco V. García Quintela Juan Antonio Belmonte All authors (4)

Pub. online: 20 Dec 2008 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 10 (2008): Astronomy and Cosmology in Folk Traditions and Cultural Heritage, pp. 66–70

Abstract

Weapons in Iron Age Women’s Graves

Andra Simniškytė

Pub. online: 9 Nov 2007 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 8 (2007): Weapons, Weaponry and Man (In memoriam Vytautas Kazakevičius), pp. 283–291

Abstract

Interpreting Taurapilis Prehistoric Site: a Landscape Revealing the Power?

Vykintas Vaitkevičius

Pub. online: 9 Nov 2007 Type: Article

Open Access

Journal: Archaeologia Baltica Volume 8 (2007): Weapons, Weaponry and Man (In memoriam Vytautas Kazakevičius), pp. 155–159

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