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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RH</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Res Humanitariae</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-922X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1822-7708</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>KU</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13_DEGTIAR_RH33</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15181/rh.v33i0.2751</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>THE LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION  OF MELANCHOLY AND ENTHUSIASM  IN LANA DEL REY’S SONGS</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8334-2820</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Degtiar</surname>
            <given-names>Sandra</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:sandra.degtiar@ku.lt">sandra.degtiar@ku.lt</email>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4833-6771</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mockus</surname>
            <given-names>Saulius</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>33</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>268</fpage>
      <lpage>286</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>16</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Linguistic expressions not only give great freedom for the pleasures of the imagination and the emotions, but are also a common way for singers to express the nature of their personal life in an indirect form of communication. Melancholic and enthusiastic musical works can evoke strong emotions in listeners, and analysing their linguistic features can help us understand how they create these emotions. This research analyses numerous linguistic devices to determine how melancholy and enthusiasm are represented in vast Lana Del Rey’s discography. Thus, the purpose is to overview Lana Del Rey’s entire body of work, understand what emotions are predominant in her music, and what linguistic means of expression are used to convey them. The purpose will be achieved by completing the following tasks: to investigate the notion of linguistic expressions in language; to review Lana Del Rey’s musical works and gather all linguistic expressions in order to classify them according to the emotions that they evoke; to identify linguistic expressions of melancholy and enthusiasm that are used in Lana Del Rey’s vast discography and define their characteristics; to determine the most dominant linguistic expression of melancholy and enthusiasm specifying the dominant emotion.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>linguistic expression</kwd>
        <kwd>semantics</kwd>
        <kwd>discourse analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>emotions</kwd>
        <kwd>songs</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
