The article is devoted to the new historical investigations on Napoleon and formation of Lithuania’s authority during the campaign in 1812. Preparing for the confrontation with Russia in 1812, Napoleon hoped for a quick result of his campaign through fighting a decisive battle with the army of Alexander I on the territory of Lithuania. However, he also took into consideration another variant of the war progress and assumed the necessity of the wealth mobilization of the former Republic of Poland’s land which belonged to Russia. It is obvious that Napoleon did not have any final or the only plan for political course of action concerning the area of western gubernyas conquered by the French.